Response of Root-Exuded Organic Acids in Irrigated Rice to Different Water Management Practices

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drying enhanced succinic acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 80.59–86.68.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD)e0

Outcome

succinice0

Direction

enhancede0

Value

80.59–86.68e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD) significantly enhanced succinic, maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the trial by 80.59–86.68, 31.62–58.55, 16.55–43.00, 17.89–25.66, 13.68–29.70, 12.40–16.05, and 17.34–21.24%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drying enhanced maleic acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 31.62–58.55.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD)e0

Outcome

maleice0

Direction

enhancede0

Value

31.62–58.55e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD) significantly enhanced succinic, maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the trial by 80.59–86.68, 31.62–58.55, 16.55–43.00, 17.89–25.66, 13.68–29.70, 12.40–16.05, and 17.34–21.24%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drying enhanced citric acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 16.55–43.00.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD)e0

Outcome

citrice0

Direction

enhancede0

Value

16.55–43.00e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD) significantly enhanced succinic, maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the trial by 80.59–86.68, 31.62–58.55, 16.55–43.00, 17.89–25.66, 13.68–29.70, 12.40–16.05, and 17.34–21.24%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drying enhanced malic acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 17.89–25.66.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD)e0

Outcome

malice0

Direction

enhancede0

Value

17.89–25.66e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD) significantly enhanced succinic, maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the trial by 80.59–86.68, 31.62–58.55, 16.55–43.00, 17.89–25.66, 13.68–29.70, 12.40–16.05, and 17.34–21.24%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drying enhanced oxalic acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 13.68–29.70.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD)e0

Outcome

oxalice0

Direction

enhancede0

Value

13.68–29.70e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD) significantly enhanced succinic, maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the trial by 80.59–86.68, 31.62–58.55, 16.55–43.00, 17.89–25.66, 13.68–29.70, 12.40–16.05, and 17.34–21.24%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drying enhanced tartaric acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 12.40–16.05.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD)e0

Outcome

tartarice0

Direction

enhancede0

Value

12.40–16.05e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD) significantly enhanced succinic, maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the trial by 80.59–86.68, 31.62–58.55, 16.55–43.00, 17.89–25.66, 13.68–29.70, 12.40–16.05, and 17.34–21.24%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drying enhanced total organic acids acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 17.34–21.24%.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD)e0

Outcome

total organic acidse0

Direction

enhancede0

Value

17.34–21.24%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternating wetting and moderate drying with 4 cm water layer of flood irrigation until the soil water potential reaches −15 kilopascal (kPa) (WMD) significantly enhanced succinic, maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the trial by 80.59–86.68, 31.62–58.55, 16.55–43.00, 17.89–25.66, 13.68–29.70, 12.40–16.05, and 17.34–21.24%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Severe drying decreased maleic acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 5.19–25.15.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD)e0

Outcome

maleice0

Direction

decreasede0

Value

5.19–25.15e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD) notably decreased formation of maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the experiment by 5.19–25.15, 13.96–29.92, 20.81–34.88, 32.20–42.51, 12.79–24.66, and 6.67–24.22%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Severe drying decreased citric acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 13.96–29.92.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD)e0

Outcome

citrice0

Direction

decreasede0

Value

13.96–29.92e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD) notably decreased formation of maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the experiment by 5.19–25.15, 13.96–29.92, 20.81–34.88, 32.20–42.51, 12.79–24.66, and 6.67–24.22%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Severe drying decreased malic acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 20.81–34.88.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD)e0

Outcome

malice0

Direction

decreasede0

Value

20.81–34.88e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD) notably decreased formation of maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the experiment by 5.19–25.15, 13.96–29.92, 20.81–34.88, 32.20–42.51, 12.79–24.66, and 6.67–24.22%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Severe drying decreased oxalic acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 32.20–42.51.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD)e0

Outcome

oxalice0

Direction

decreasede0

Value

32.20–42.51e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD) notably decreased formation of maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the experiment by 5.19–25.15, 13.96–29.92, 20.81–34.88, 32.20–42.51, 12.79–24.66, and 6.67–24.22%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Severe drying decreased tartaric acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 12.79–24.66.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD)e0

Outcome

tartarice0

Direction

decreasede0

Value

12.79–24.66e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD) notably decreased formation of maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the experiment by 5.19–25.15, 13.96–29.92, 20.81–34.88, 32.20–42.51, 12.79–24.66, and 6.67–24.22%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Severe drying decreased total organic acids acid exudation in two rice cultivars by 6.67–24.22%.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD)e0

Outcome

total organic acidse0

Direction

decreasede0

Value

6.67–24.22%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Alternate wetting and severe drying with 4 cm water layer of irrigation until the soil water potential reached −30 kPa (WSD) notably decreased formation of maleic, citric, malic, oxalic, tartaric, and total organic acids in the two rice cultivars during the experiment by 5.19–25.15, 13.96–29.92, 20.81–34.88, 32.20–42.51, 12.79–24.66, and 6.67–24.22%, respectively.”

Claim · model-written summary

Acetic acid output did not differ between continuous flooding and moderate drying.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

WMD treatmentse0

Outcome

Acetic acid outpute0

Direction

did not differe0

Comparator

CF (continuous flooding with a 3–4 cm water layer)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“Acetic acid output between CF (continuous flooding with a 3–4 cm water layer) and WMD treatments in pads with two rice cultivars did not differ.”

Claim · model-written summary

Severe drying increased acetic acid exudation by 16.93–25.99% in two rice cultivars.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

WSD treatmente0

Outcome

acetic acid exudatione0

Direction

increasede0

Value

16.93–25.99%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The WSD treatment increased acetic acid exudation by 16.93–25.99% in two rice cultivars during the experiment.”

Claim · model-written summary

The authors attribute the smaller organic acid loss and high drought tolerance of DTR to its high acetic and total organic acid content.

Taxon

RiceOryza sativat0

Material

DTRe0

Compound

acetic and total organic acidse0

Outcome

smaller loss of total organic acidse0

Qualifier

high drought tolerance capacitye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The high content of acetic and total organic acids in DTR should be responsible for the smaller loss of total organic acids in the WSD treatment and the high drought tolerance capacity.”

t0

“Rice”