Abstract
Salinity is a common problem in irrigated agriculture and abandoned degraded areas. Agroforestry practices on abandoned lands could be the viable option to use saline lands for productive services with soil amelioration benefits. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana for managing the saline soils with Eucalyptus and Melia based agroforestry systems. Three irrigation regimes viz. (i) I1-saline and normal water in cyclic mode, (ii) I2-best available water combined with need based saline irrigation, & (iii) I3-control (rainfed conditions) and two landuses (LU) of (i) (LU1) tree (Eucalyptus tereticornis and Melia composita) + crop (mustard and pearlmillet), and (ii) (LU2) sole agronomical crops in open conditions. Both the systems studied independently and the results clearly indicate that both the systems adapted well in saline soils with saline irrigation. The best available water with need based saline irrigation (I) outperformed than the rest of the irrigation regimes in terms of establishment, growth of trees and companion crops and soil reclamation. Best available water combined with need based saline irrigation+trees+crops (I2 +LU1) treatment combination observed to be the best in both the developed agroforestry systems. Germination and yield of mustard and peralmillet found to decrease with the increase in the salinity levels. For better mustard germination, the EC value should be at below 6.0 dS/m in field conditions. The EC (electrical conductivity) and pH values of soil found to decrease from its initial levels under the influence of irrigation with good quality water and tree+crop landuse which indicate the reclamation of saline soils. The synergistic effect of trees and intercrops on saline soils will certainly improve the biological productivity of saline soils. Such developed agroforestry systems in saline soils of Indo-Gangetic plains are the best option to manage saline soils on economical and ecological security mode.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The Eucalyptus agroforestry system adapted to saline soil and irrigation.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus
.jpg?width=60)
Eucalyptust0 - Outcome
- adapted well in saline soils with saline irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“both the systems adapted well in saline soils with saline irrigation.”
t0“Eucalyptus”
Claim · model-written summary
The Melia agroforestry system adapted to saline soil and irrigation.
- Outcome
- adapted well in saline soils with saline irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the systems adapted well in saline soils with saline irrigation.”
t0“Melia”
Claim · model-written summary
Best available water with need-based saline irrigation outperformed other regimes for tree and crop growth and soil reclamation.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus and MeliaEucalyptus
Meliat0 - Treatment
- best available water with need based saline irrigatione0
- Outcome
- establishment, growth of trees and companion crops and soil reclamatione0
- Direction
- outperformede0
- Comparator
- rest of the irrigation regimese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best available water with need based saline irrigation (I) outperformed than the rest of the irrigation regimes in terms of establishment, growth of trees and companion crops and soil reclamation.”
t0“Eucalyptus and Melia”
Claim · model-written summary
I2 plus tree-crop land use was the best treatment combination for both agroforestry systems.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus and MeliaEucalyptusMeliat0
- Treatment
- Best available water combined with need based saline irrigation+trees+crops (I2 +LU1)e0
- Outcome
- beste0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Best available water combined with need based saline irrigation+trees+crops (I2 +LU1) treatment combination observed to be the best in both the developed agroforestry systems.”
t0“Eucalyptus and Melia”
Claim · model-written summary
Mustard germination fell as salinity increased.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and yield of mustard and peralmillet found to decrease with the increase in the salinity levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mustard yield fell as salinity increased.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and yield of mustard and peralmillet found to decrease with the increase in the salinity levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pearlmillet germination fell as salinity increased.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and yield of mustard and peralmillet found to decrease with the increase in the salinity levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pearlmillet yield fell as salinity increased.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and yield of mustard and peralmillet found to decrease with the increase in the salinity levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend field soil EC below 6.0 dS/m for mustard germination.
Verbatim
e0“For better mustard germination, the EC value should be at below 6.0 dS/m in field conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Good-quality irrigation and tree-crop land use reduced soil EC and pH from baseline.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus and MeliaEucalyptusMeliat0
- Treatment
- irrigation with good quality water and tree+crop landusee0
- Outcome
- EC (electrical conductivity) and pH values of soile0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- its initial levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The EC (electrical conductivity) and pH values of soil found to decrease from its initial levels under the influence of irrigation with good quality water and tree+crop landuse”
t0“Eucalyptus and Melia”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend these agroforestry systems for economically and ecologically secure saline-soil management.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus and MeliaEucalyptusMeliat0
- Outcome
- best option to manage saline soilse0
- Setting
- Indo-Gangetic plainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such developed agroforestry systems in saline soils of Indo-Gangetic plains are the best option to manage saline soils on economical and ecological security mode.”
t0“Eucalyptus and Melia”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.