Abstract
Leaf area is linearly correlated with sapwood area in trees. The linearity of this relationship can be affected by some biotic and abiotic factors. Mistletoes are hemi parasitic plants that take up water and mineral nutrients from their hosts and affect host physiological responses. There is no conclusive evidence to show the effect of pine mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum) on leaf area and sapwood area relationship in Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) at tree level. The aim of this study is to determine and quantify the effect of pine mistletoe on the structural variation of leaf area and sapwood area relationship at tree level in Scots pine. A total of 18 mistletoe infected and 12 uninfected Scots pine trees were destructively sampled. All needles and mistletoes were completely removed from sampled trees to determine needle and mistletoe characteristics, biomass and leaf area. Sapwood areas at breast height (BH) and at crown base height (CBH) were determined from wood discs taken from BH (1.3m) and CBH. Sapwood area was delineated by benzidine staining method. Pearson correlation, t-test and regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between sapwood area and needle-mistletoe leaf area relationships. The results indicated that both the relationships between sapwood area and leaf area in uninfected, and sapwood area and total leaf area (needle plus mistletoe leaf only) in infected trees were linear. However, the slope of regression equation for mistletoe infected trees was considerably lower when compared to the uninfected trees. As for the variation of the sapwood area along the stem below live crown, there was a slight difference between sapwood area at BH and CBH. The study showed also that mistletoe infection led to a significant reduction in needle size (length, width, area and weight) in Scots pine trees. Significant relationships were found between the sapwood area and leaf area in this study. The results of this study may help fill the gap in the knowledge concerning the impacts of pine mistletoe on the dynamics of Scots pine trees.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Both the sapwood-area to leaf-area relationship in uninfected Scots pine trees and the sapwood-area to total (needle plus mistletoe) leaf-area relationship in infected trees were linear.
- Taxon
- Scots pine
Pinus sylvestrist0 - Interactor
- Viscum album ssp. austriacum
Viscum album subsp. austriacumt1parasite - Outcome
- relationships between sapwood area and leaf areae0
- Qualifier
- lineare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)”
t1“Viscum album ssp. austriacum”
e0“both the relationships between sapwood area and leaf area in uninfected, and sapwood area and total leaf area (needle plus mistletoe leaf only) in infected trees were linear”
Claim · model-written summary
The slope of the sapwood-area to leaf-area regression was considerably lower in mistletoe-infected Scots pine than in uninfected trees.
- Taxon
- Scots pinePinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- mistletoe infected treese0
- Interactor
- Viscum album ssp. austriacumViscum album subsp. austriacumt1parasite
- Outcome
- slope of regression equatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the uninfected treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)”
t1“Viscum album ssp. austriacum”
e0“the slope of regression equation for mistletoe infected trees was considerably lower when compared to the uninfected trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Sapwood area differed only slightly between breast height and crown base height along the stem below the live crown.
- Taxon
- Scots pinePinus sylvestrist0
- Outcome
- sapwood areae0
- Qualifier
- slight difference betweene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)”
t1“Viscum album ssp. austriacum”
e0“there was a slight difference between sapwood area at BH and CBH”
Claim · model-written summary
Mistletoe infection significantly reduced needle size (length, width, area and weight) in Scots pine trees.
- Taxon
- Scots pinePinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- mistletoe infectione0
- Interactor
- Viscum album ssp. austriacumViscum album subsp. austriacumt1parasite
- Outcome
- needle size (length, width, area and weight)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- uninfectede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)”
t1“Viscum album ssp. austriacum”
e0“mistletoe infection led to a significant reduction in needle size (length, width, area and weight) in Scots pine trees”
e1“18 mistletoe infected and 12 uninfected Scots pine trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant relationships were found between sapwood area and leaf area in Scots pine.
- Taxon
- Scots pinePinus sylvestrist0
- Outcome
- relationships were found between the sapwood area and leaf areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)”
t1“Viscum album ssp. austriacum”
e0“Significant relationships were found between the sapwood area and leaf area in this study”
The same questions in other papers
infection · Viscum album subsp. austriacum · Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.