Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate whether pre-treatment (priming) of chlorophyll precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) assumes a huge part in moderating harms caused by UV-B exposure on two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings namely BAHAR and KB-17. Healthy seeds were primed with two doses of ALA (lower dose: ALA 1 ; 25µM and higher dose: ALA 2 ; 100 µM) for 24 h at 25±2 °C and thereafter 17-day old seedlings were exposed to an enhanced dose of UV-B radiation i.e. 2.2 kJ m −2 d −1 . Results showed that UV-B exposure significantly declined growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents), photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics (A, Ci, Gs, E, and WUE). This decrease was also accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species: superoxide radical (SOR; O₂˙ˉ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and lipid peroxidation (MDA contents). The antioxidative enzyme activities: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione- S -transferase (GST), and peroxidase (POD) and non-enzymatic antioxidants: total phenolics content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) were increased. On contrary to this, damaging effects of UV-B radiations were markedly alleviated with the exogenous application (priming) of ALA by enhancing plant growth and growth-regulating parameters. Furthermore, ALA application decreased the UV-B induced oxidative stress in Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by further improving the activity of enzymatic and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants of test plant defense system. Furthermore, priming with ALA decreased the germination time and increased the germination index which additionally served as a significant purpose behind the improvement in the harvest quality and amount. The BAHAR variety of Cajanus cajan was discovered to be more tolerant against UV-B stress due to its more efficient defense system with a higher rate of antioxidant enzyme activities. On the other hand, KB-17 variety of Cajanus cajan was discovered to be sensitive against UV-B stress due to its feeble defense system with higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Thus, these findings suggest that priming of seeds with ALA act as a sustainable remedial strategy in reducing the hazardous effects of UV-B induced stress on crop productivity of Cajanus cajan seedlings by triggering the up-regulation of photosynthesis and antioxidant system to counterbalance the ROS-mediated damage to macromolecules.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B exposure significantly declined growth attributes of Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.
Cajanus cajant0 - Treatment
- UV-B exposuree1
- Outcome
- growth attributese1
- Direction
- declinede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“UV-B exposure significantly declined growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents), photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics (A, Ci, Gs, E, and WUE)”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B exposure significantly declined photosynthetic pigments of Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- UV-B exposuree1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmentse1
- Direction
- declinede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“UV-B exposure significantly declined growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents), photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics (A, Ci, Gs, E, and WUE)”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B exposure significantly declined photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics of Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- UV-B exposuree1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic gas exchange characteristicse1
- Direction
- declinede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“UV-B exposure significantly declined growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents), photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics (A, Ci, Gs, E, and WUE)”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B exposure was accompanied by accumulation of reactive oxygen species in Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant1
- Outcome
- accumulation of reactive oxygen speciese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“This decrease was also accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species”
t1“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B exposure increased the antioxidative enzyme activities of Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- UV-B exposuree1
- Outcome
- antioxidative enzyme activitiese3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The antioxidative enzyme activities: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione- S -transferase (GST), and peroxidase (POD) and non-enzymatic antioxidants: total phenolics content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) were increased”
e1“UV-B exposure significantly declined growth attributes”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B exposure increased total phenolics and total flavonoids contents of Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- UV-B exposuree4
- Outcome
- total phenolics content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC)e3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The antioxidative enzyme activities: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione- S -transferase (GST), and peroxidase (POD) and non-enzymatic antioxidants: total phenolics content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) were increased”
e4“UV-B exposure significantly declined growth attributes”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ALA priming alleviated the damaging effects of UV-B on Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- exogenous application (priming) of ALAe5
- Outcome
- damaging effects of UV-B radiationse5
- Direction
- alleviatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“damaging effects of UV-B radiations were markedly alleviated with the exogenous application (priming) of ALA”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ALA priming enhanced plant growth and growth-regulating parameters of UV-B-stressed Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- exogenous application (priming) of ALAe6
- Outcome
- plant growth and growth-regulating parameterse6
- Direction
- enhancinge6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“with the exogenous application (priming) of ALA by enhancing plant growth and growth-regulating parameters”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA application decreased UV-B induced oxidative stress in Cajanus cajan seedlings.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajane7
- Treatment
- ALA applicatione7
- Outcome
- UV-B induced oxidative stresse7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“ALA application decreased the UV-B induced oxidative stress in Cajanus cajan L. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA reduces oxidative stress in Cajanus cajan seedlings by improving enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- oxidative stresse5
- Qualifier
- by further improving the activity of enzymatic and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“ALA application decreased the UV-B induced oxidative stress in Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by further improving the activity of enzymatic and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants of test plant defense system”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with ALA decreased the germination time of Cajanus cajan seeds.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- priming with ALAe6
- Outcome
- germination timee6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“priming with ALA decreased the germination time and increased the germination index”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with ALA increased the germination index of Cajanus cajan seeds.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- priming with ALAe6
- Outcome
- germination indexe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“priming with ALA decreased the germination time and increased the germination index”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
ALA priming is associated with improved harvest quality and amount of Cajanus cajan, as the authors interpret.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan L.Cajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- priming with ALAe6
- Outcome
- harvest quality and amounte6
- Direction
- improvemente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“priming with ALA decreased the germination time and increased the germination index which additionally served as a significant purpose behind the improvement in the harvest quality and amount”
t0“Priming with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) attenuates UV-B induced damaging effects in two varieties of Cajanus cajan L. seedlings by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The BAHAR variety of Cajanus cajan was more tolerant to UV-B stress than KB-17, due to a more efficient defense system.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajane0
- Material
- BAHARe0
- Treatment
- UV-B stresse0
- Outcome
- tolerant against UV-B stresse0
- Direction
- more tolerante0
- Qualifier
- due to its more efficient defense system with a higher rate of antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The BAHAR variety of Cajanus cajan was discovered to be more tolerant against UV-B stress due to its more efficient defense system with a higher rate of antioxidant enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
The KB-17 variety of Cajanus cajan was sensitive to UV-B stress, due to a feeble defense system with higher reactive oxygen species accumulation.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajane0
- Material
- KB-17e0
- Treatment
- UV-B stresse0
- Outcome
- sensitive against UV-B stresse0
- Qualifier
- due to its feeble defense system with higher accumulation of reactive oxygen speciese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“KB-17 variety of Cajanus cajan was discovered to be sensitive against UV-B stress due to its feeble defense system with higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming seeds with ALA is a sustainable strategy for reducing the hazardous effects of UV-B induced stress on Cajanus cajan crop productivity.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- priming of seeds with ALAe0
- Outcome
- hazardous effects of UV-B induced stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming of seeds with ALA act as a sustainable remedial strategy in reducing the hazardous effects of UV-B induced stress on crop productivity of Cajanus cajan seedlings”
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.