Abstract
Under the limited cultivated land area and the pursuit of sustainable agricultural development, it is essential for the safety of grain production to study agricultural management approaches on narrowing the winter wheat yield gap and improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in China. In this study, DSSAT-CERES-Wheat Model is used to simulate winter wheat yield under different agricultural treatments, and we analyze yield gaps and NUE with different management scenarios at regional scales and evaluate the suitable approaches for reducing yield gap and increasing NUE. The results show that, the potential of narrowing yield gap ranges 300–900 kg ha–1 with soil nutrients increase, 400–1 200 kg ha–1 with sowing date adjustment and 0–400 kg ha–1 with planting density increase as well as 700–2 200 kg ha–1 with adding nitrogen fertilizer. Contribution rates of management measures of soil nutrients, sowing date adjusting, planting density, and nitrogen fertilizers are 5–15%, 5–15%, 0–4%, and 10–20%, respectively. Difference in nitrogen partial productivity ranges 3–10 kg kg–1 for soil nutrients, 1–10 kg kg–1 for sowing date adjusting, 1–5 kg kg–1 for planting density increase, and –12–0 kg kg–1 for adding nitrogen fertilizers, respectively. It indicates that four treatments can narrow yield gap and improve the NUE in varying degrees, but increasing nitrogen fertilizer leads to the decrease of NUE.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing soil nutrients narrowed the simulated wheat yield gap by 300–900 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- soil nutrients increasee0
- Outcome
- yield gape0
- Direction
- narrowinge0
- Value
- 300–900 kg ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potential of narrowing yield gap ranges 300–900 kg ha–1 with soil nutrients increase”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Adjusting sowing date narrowed the simulated wheat yield gap by 400–1 200 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sowing date adjustmente0
- Outcome
- yield gape1
- Direction
- narrowinge1
- Value
- 400–1 200 kg ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“400–1 200 kg ha–1 with sowing date adjustment”
e1“narrowing yield gap”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing planting density narrowed the simulated wheat yield gap by 0–400 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- planting density increasee0
- Outcome
- yield gape1
- Direction
- narrowinge1
- Value
- 0–400 kg ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0–400 kg ha–1 with planting density increase”
e1“narrowing yield gap”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding nitrogen fertilizer narrowed the simulated wheat yield gap by 700–2 200 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- adding nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- yield gape1
- Direction
- narrowinge1
- Value
- 700–2 200 kg ha–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“700–2 200 kg ha–1 with adding nitrogen fertilizer”
e1“narrowing yield gap”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nutrient management contributed 5–15% to narrowing the yield gap.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soil nutrientse0
- Outcome
- Contribution ratese0
- Value
- 5–15%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contribution rates of management measures of soil nutrients, sowing date adjusting, planting density, and nitrogen fertilizers are 5–15%, 5–15%, 0–4%, and 10–20%, respectively.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing date adjustment contributed 5–15% to narrowing the yield gap.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sowing date adjustinge0
- Outcome
- Contribution ratese0
- Value
- 5–15%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contribution rates of management measures of soil nutrients, sowing date adjusting, planting density, and nitrogen fertilizers are 5–15%, 5–15%, 0–4%, and 10–20%, respectively.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting density management contributed 0–4% to narrowing the yield gap.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- planting densitye0
- Outcome
- Contribution ratese0
- Value
- 0–4%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contribution rates of management measures of soil nutrients, sowing date adjusting, planting density, and nitrogen fertilizers are 5–15%, 5–15%, 0–4%, and 10–20%, respectively.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer management contributed 10–20% to narrowing the yield gap.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Contribution ratese0
- Value
- 10–20%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contribution rates of management measures of soil nutrients, sowing date adjusting, planting density, and nitrogen fertilizers are 5–15%, 5–15%, 0–4%, and 10–20%, respectively.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nutrient management changed nitrogen partial productivity by 3–10 kg kg–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soil nutrientse0
- Outcome
- nitrogen partial productivitye0
- Value
- 3–10 kg kg–1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Difference in nitrogen partial productivity ranges 3–10 kg kg–1 for soil nutrients”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing date adjustment changed nitrogen partial productivity by 1–10 kg kg–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sowing date adjustinge0
- Outcome
- nitrogen partial productivitye1
- Value
- 1–10 kg kg–1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1–10 kg kg–1 for sowing date adjusting”
e1“Difference in nitrogen partial productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased planting density changed nitrogen partial productivity by 1–5 kg kg–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- planting density increasee0
- Outcome
- nitrogen partial productivitye1
- Value
- 1–5 kg kg–1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1–5 kg kg–1 for planting density increase”
e1“Difference in nitrogen partial productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding nitrogen fertilizer decreased nitrogen partial productivity by –12–0 kg kg–1.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- adding nitrogen fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- nitrogen partial productivitye2
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- –12–0 kg kg–1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“–12–0 kg kg–1 for adding nitrogen fertilizers”
e1“increasing nitrogen fertilizer leads to the decrease of NUE”
e2“Difference in nitrogen partial productivity”
t0“winter wheat”
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