Abstract
Plants employ systemic-induced resistance as part of their defence arsenal against pathogens. In recent years, the application of mild heating has been found to induce resistance against several pathogens. In the present study, we investigated the effect of root zone warming (RZW) in promoting tomato's resistance against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea (Bc), the hemibiotrophic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) and the biotrophic fungus Oidium neolycopersici (On). We demonstrate that RZW enhances tomato's resistance to Bc, On and Xcv through a process that is dependent on salicylic acid and ethylene. RZW induced tomato immunity, resulting in increased defence gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ethylene output when plants were challenged, even in the absence of pathogens. Overall, the results provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of warming-induced immune responses against phytopathogens with different lifestyles in tomato.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Root warming enhanced tomato resistance to Botrytis cinerea.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- RZWe0
- Interactor
- Bce0pathogen
- Compound
- salicylic acid and ethylenee0
- Outcome
- resistance to Bce0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RZW enhances tomato's resistance to Bc, On and Xcv through a process that is dependent on salicylic acid and ethylene”
Claim · model-written summary
Root warming enhanced tomato resistance to Oidium neolycopersici.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- RZWe0
- Interactor
- One0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to Bc, On and Xcve0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RZW enhances tomato's resistance to Bc, On and Xcv through a process that is dependent on salicylic acid and ethylene”
Claim · model-written summary
Root warming enhanced tomato resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- RZWe0
- Interactor
- Xcve0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to Bc, On and Xcve0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RZW enhances tomato's resistance to Bc, On and Xcv through a process that is dependent on salicylic acid and ethylene”
Claim · model-written summary
Root warming increased defense gene expression upon challenge, including without pathogens.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- RZWe0
- Outcome
- defence gene expressione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- even in the absence of pathogense0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RZW induced tomato immunity, resulting in increased defence gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ethylene output when plants were challenged, even in the absence of pathogens”
Claim · model-written summary
Root warming increased reactive oxygen species and ethylene output upon challenge.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- RZWe0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ethylene outpute0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RZW induced tomato immunity, resulting in increased defence gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ethylene output when plants were challenged, even in the absence of pathogens”
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