Abstract
We investigated the role of heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) during induction of defense response by heat-shock treatment (HST) in tomato. Leaf disease symptoms were significantly reduced at 12 and 24 h after HST, consistent with upregulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes PR1a2 and PR1b1 peaking at 24 h after treatment. These genes were upregulated at the treatment application site, but not in untreated leaves. In contrast to HST, inoculation of the first leaf induced systemic upregulation of acidic PR genes in uninoculated second leaves. Furthermore, heat shock element motifs were found in upstream regions of PR1a2, PR1b1, Chitinase 3, Chitinase 9, Glucanase A, and Glucanase B genes. Upregulation of HsfA2 and HsfB1 peaked at 6 h after HST, 6 h earlier than salicylic acid accumulation. Foliar spray of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor geldanamycin (GDA) induced PR gene expression comparable to that after HST. PR gene expression and defense response against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) decreased when combining HST with Hsfs inhibitor KRIBB11. The Hsfs and PR gene expression induced by heat or GDA, together with the suppression of heat shock-induced resistance (HSIR) against Pst by KRIBB11, suggested a direct contribution of Hsfs to HSIR regulation in tomato.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Heat shock reduced leaf disease symptoms at 12 and 24 hours.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- HSTe0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatot0pathogen - Outcome
- Leaf disease symptomse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 12 and 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf disease symptoms were significantly reduced at 12 and 24 h after HST”
t0“Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Okabe) Young et al. via Heat Shock Transcription Factors in Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
PR1a2 expression rose after heat shock and peaked at 24 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Gene
- PR1a2e0
- Outcome
- upregulatione0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
- Qualifier
- 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upregulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes PR1a2 and PR1b1 peaking at 24 h after treatment”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
PR1b1 expression rose after heat shock and peaked at 24 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Gene
- PR1b1e0
- Outcome
- upregulatione0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
- Qualifier
- 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upregulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes PR1a2 and PR1b1 peaking at 24 h after treatment”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
PR genes rose at the heat-treated site but not untreated leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
- Comparator
- untreated leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These genes were upregulated at the treatment application site, but not in untreated leaves”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
First-leaf inoculation systemically raised acidic PR gene expression in uninoculated second leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- uninoculated second leavese0
- Treatment
- inoculation of the first leafe0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoPseudomonas syringae pv. tomatot1pathogen
- Outcome
- acidic PR genese0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation of the first leaf induced systemic upregulation of acidic PR genes in uninoculated second leaves”
t0“Tomato”
t1“Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat shock element motifs occurred upstream of PR1a2, PR1b1, Chitinase 3, Chitinase 9, Glucanase A and Glucanase B.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- PR1a2, PR1b1, Chitinase 3, Chitinase 9, Glucanase A, and Glucanase Be0
- Outcome
- heat shock element motifse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heat shock element motifs were found in upstream regions of PR1a2, PR1b1, Chitinase 3, Chitinase 9, Glucanase A, and Glucanase B genes”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
HsfA2 expression peaked six hours after heat shock.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HSTe0
- Gene
- HsfA2e0
- Outcome
- Upregulatione0
- Direction
- Upregulatione0
- Qualifier
- 6 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upregulation of HsfA2 and HsfB1 peaked at 6 h after HST”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
HsfB1 expression peaked six hours after heat shock.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- HSTe0
- Gene
- HsfB1e0
- Outcome
- Upregulatione0
- Direction
- Upregulatione0
- Qualifier
- 6 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upregulation of HsfA2 and HsfB1 peaked at 6 h after HST”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid accumulation peaked six hours after Hsf induction.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- salicylic acid accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- 6 h earliere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“6 h earlier than salicylic acid accumulation”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Geldanamycin spray induced PR gene expression comparable to heat shock.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor geldanamycin (GDA)e0
- Outcome
- PR gene expressione0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- HSTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spray of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor geldanamycin (GDA) induced PR gene expression comparable to that after HST”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
KRIBB11 combined with heat shock reduced PR gene expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- combining HST with Hsfs inhibitor KRIBB11e0
- Outcome
- PR gene expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PR gene expression and defense response against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) decreased when combining HST with Hsfs inhibitor KRIBB11”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
KRIBB11 combined with heat shock reduced defense against Pseudomonas.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- combining HST with Hsfs inhibitor KRIBB11e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoPseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen
- Outcome
- defense response against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PR gene expression and defense response against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) decreased when combining HST with Hsfs inhibitor KRIBB11”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer direct Hsf contribution to heat shock-induced resistance regulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- Hsfse0
- Outcome
- HSIR regulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggested a direct contribution of Hsfs to HSIR regulation in tomato”
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