Abstract
The present study was conducted to induce flowering at the desired period with higher percentage of bisexual flowers and fruit set to improve yield and minimize fruit cracking through withholding of irrigation, pruning and ethrel application. Pooled data analysis revealed that horticultural interventions, chemical treatments and their interactions significantly affected sex ratio and fruit set. Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering. Among chemical treatments, earliest defoliation (7.59 days), highest defoliation (93.35%) and shortest flowering period (61.07 days) were recorded in ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l application while minimum male flowers (59.21%), maximum bisexual flowers (25.51%), maximum fruit set (25.16%) and fruit retention (80.74%) were recorded in ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment as compared to control. Among interactions, earlier defoliation (6.78 days), highest defoliation (95.72%) and shortest flowering period (55.42 days) were observed in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment. The minimum male flowers (57.78%), maximum bisexual flowers (28.22%), maximum fruit set (26.39%) and fruit retention (83.34%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment as compared to maximum male flowers (66.36%), minimum bisexual flowers (22.03%), fruit set (22.19%) and fruit retention (75.28%) recorded in natural flowering without chemical treatment. Therefore, it can be concluded that withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment induced flowering during optimal climatic conditions and significantly improved sex ratio and fruit set of pomegranate.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Horticultural interventions, chemical treatments and their interactions significantly affected sex ratio and fruit set in pomegranate.
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatumt0 - Treatment
- horticultural interventions, chemical treatments and their interactionse1
- Outcome
- sex ratio and fruit sete1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e1“Pooled data analysis revealed that horticultural interventions, chemical treatments and their interactions significantly affected sex ratio and fruit set”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning, thinning and ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the earliest defoliation, 6.78 days.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente2
- Outcome
- earlier defoliatione2
- Direction
- earliere2
- Value
- 6.78 dayse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e2“Among interactions, earlier defoliation (6.78 days), highest defoliation (95.72%) and shortest flowering period (55.42 days) were observed in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction treatment with ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the highest defoliation, 95.72%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente2
- Outcome
- highest defoliatione2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 95.72%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e2“Among interactions, earlier defoliation (6.78 days), highest defoliation (95.72%) and shortest flowering period (55.42 days) were observed in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction treatment with ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the shortest flowering period, 55.42 days.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente2
- Outcome
- flowering periode2
- Direction
- shorteste2
- Value
- 55.42 dayse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e2“Among interactions, earlier defoliation (6.78 days), highest defoliation (95.72%) and shortest flowering period (55.42 days) were observed in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction treatment with ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the minimum male flowers, 57.78%, against 66.36% in natural flowering.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente3
- Outcome
- male flowerse3
- Direction
- minimume3
- Value
- 57.78%e3
- Qualifier
- 66.36%e3
- Comparator
- natural flowering without chemical treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e3“The minimum male flowers (57.78%), maximum bisexual flowers (28.22%), maximum fruit set (26.39%) and fruit retention (83.34%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment as compared to maximum male flowers (66.36%), minimum bisexual flowers (22.03%), fruit set (22.19%) and fruit retention (75.28%) recorded in natural flowering without chemical treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction treatment with ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the maximum bisexual flowers, 28.22%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente3
- Outcome
- bisexual flowerse3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 28.22%e3
- Comparator
- natural flowering without chemical treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e3“The minimum male flowers (57.78%), maximum bisexual flowers (28.22%), maximum fruit set (26.39%) and fruit retention (83.34%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment as compared to maximum male flowers (66.36%), minimum bisexual flowers (22.03%), fruit set (22.19%) and fruit retention (75.28%) recorded in natural flowering without chemical treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction treatment with ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the maximum fruit set, 26.39%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente3
- Outcome
- fruit sete3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 26.39%e3
- Comparator
- natural flowering without chemical treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e3“The minimum male flowers (57.78%), maximum bisexual flowers (28.22%), maximum fruit set (26.39%) and fruit retention (83.34%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment as compared to maximum male flowers (66.36%), minimum bisexual flowers (22.03%), fruit set (22.19%) and fruit retention (75.28%) recorded in natural flowering without chemical treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction treatment with ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the highest fruit retention, 83.34%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente3
- Outcome
- fruit retentione3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 83.34%e3
- Comparator
- natural flowering without chemical treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e3“The minimum male flowers (57.78%), maximum bisexual flowers (28.22%), maximum fruit set (26.39%) and fruit retention (83.34%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment as compared to maximum male flowers (66.36%), minimum bisexual flowers (22.03%), fruit set (22.19%) and fruit retention (75.28%) recorded in natural flowering without chemical treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning and thinning gave the maximum fruit set, 25.84%, against control natural flowering.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinninge4
- Outcome
- fruit sete4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 25.84%e4
- Comparator
- control natural floweringe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e4“Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning and thinning gave the maximum bisexual flowers, 27.43%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinninge4
- Outcome
- bisexual flowerse4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 27.43%e4
- Comparator
- control natural floweringe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e4“Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning and thinning gave the minimum male flowers, 58.59%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinninge4
- Outcome
- male flowerse4
- Direction
- minimume4
- Value
- 58.59%e4
- Comparator
- control natural floweringe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e4“Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning and thinning gave the highest fruit retention, 82.23%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinninge4
- Outcome
- fruit retentione4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 82.23%e4
- Comparator
- control natural floweringe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e4“Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning and thinning gave the earliest defoliation, 10.47 days.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinninge4
- Outcome
- defoliatione4
- Direction
- earlieste4
- Value
- 10.47 dayse4
- Comparator
- control natural floweringe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e4“Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning and thinning gave the highest defoliation, 81.25%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinninge4
- Outcome
- highest defoliatione4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 81.25%e4
- Comparator
- control natural floweringe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e4“Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning and thinning gave the shortest flowering period, 64.46 days.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinninge4
- Outcome
- flowering periode4
- Direction
- shorteste4
- Value
- 64.46 dayse4
- Comparator
- control natural floweringe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e4“Among horticultural interventions, earliest defoliation (10.47 days), highest defoliation (81.25%), shortest flowering period (64.46 days), minimum male flowers (58.59%), maximum bisexual flowers (27.43%), maximum fruit set (25.84%) and fruit retention (82.23%) were recorded in withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning as compared to control natural flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the earliest defoliation, 7.59 days.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l applicatione5
- Outcome
- defoliatione5
- Direction
- earlieste5
- Value
- 7.59 dayse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e5“Among chemical treatments, earliest defoliation (7.59 days), highest defoliation (93.35%) and shortest flowering period (61.07 days) were recorded in ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l application”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the highest defoliation, 93.35%.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l applicatione5
- Outcome
- highest defoliatione5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Value
- 93.35%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e5“Among chemical treatments, earliest defoliation (7.59 days), highest defoliation (93.35%) and shortest flowering period (61.07 days) were recorded in ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l application”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the shortest flowering period, 61.07 days.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l applicatione5
- Outcome
- flowering periode5
- Direction
- shorteste5
- Value
- 61.07 dayse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e5“Among chemical treatments, earliest defoliation (7.59 days), highest defoliation (93.35%) and shortest flowering period (61.07 days) were recorded in ethrel 3 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l application”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l gave the maximum fruit set, 25.16%, against control.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente6
- Outcome
- fruit sete6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 25.16%e6
- Comparator
- controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e6“minimum male flowers (59.21%), maximum bisexual flowers (25.51%), maximum fruit set (25.16%) and fruit retention (80.74%) were recorded in ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding irrigation in June with pruning, thinning and ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l induced flowering in optimal climatic conditions and significantly improved sex ratio and fruit set.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatmente7
- Outcome
- sex ratio and fruit sete7
- Direction
- improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“fruit set improvement in pomegranate”
e7“withholding of irrigation during June + pruning and thinning + ethrel 2 ml/l + DAP 5 g/l treatment induced flowering during optimal climatic conditions and significantly improved sex ratio and fruit set of pomegranate”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.