Abstract
Abstract Carbon (C) plays an important role in maintaining soil fertility and increasing soil microbial community, but there is still limited information about how source utilization characteristics respond to soil fertility changes under double-cropping rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system in southern China paddy field. Therefore, the effects of different short-term (5-years) tillage management on characteristics of C utilization in rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils under double-cropping rice field in southern China were investigated by using 18 O incorporation into DNA. Therefore, a field experiment were included four tillage treatments: conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), no-tillage with crop residue retention (NT), rotary tillage with crop residue removed as control (RTO). The results showed that soil microbial biomass C content with CT, RT, NT treatments were increased by 29.71–47.27% and 3.77–21.30% in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, compared with RTO treatment, respectively. Compared with RTO treatment, soil microbial basal respiration and microbial growth rate with CT treatment were increased 30.56%, 30.94% and 11.91%, 12.34% in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, respectively. The soil microbial C utilization efficiency were promoted with NT treatment. Compared with RTO treatment, the metabolic capacity of soil microorganism to exogenous C source with CT, RT and NT treatments were increased. The largest type of exogenous C source was saccharides, followed by amino acid and polymers, and complex compounds was the smallest. The redundancy analysis results indicated that tillage treatments significantly changed the utilization characteristics of soil microorganism to exogenous C source. Compared with RTO treatment, the grain yield of early rice and late rice with CT treatment were increased by 409.5 kg ha −1 and 387.0 kg ha −1 , respectively. Therefore, the CT and RT treatments could significantly increase soil microbial biomass C content, but the NT treatment promote microbial C utilization efficiency in the double-cropping paddy field of southern China.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage with CT, RT and NT increased rhizosphere soil microbial biomass C content by 29.71–47.27% relative to RTO
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.
Oryza sativae0 - Organ / stage
- rhizospheree1
- Treatment
- CT, RT, NT treatmentse1
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass C contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 29.71–47.27%e1
- Comparator
- RTO treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e1“soil microbial biomass C content with CT, RT, NT treatments were increased by 29.71–47.27% and 3.77–21.30% in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, compared with RTO treatment, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage with CT, RT and NT increased non-rhizosphere soil microbial biomass C content by 3.77–21.30% relative to RTO
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- non-rhizospheree1
- Treatment
- CT, RT, NT treatmentse1
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass C contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 3.77–21.30%e1
- Comparator
- RTO treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e1“soil microbial biomass C content with CT, RT, NT treatments were increased by 29.71–47.27% and 3.77–21.30% in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, compared with RTO treatment, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CT treatment increased soil microbial basal respiration in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soilse2
- Treatment
- CT treatmente2
- Outcome
- soil microbial basal respiratione2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 30.56%, 30.94%e2
- Comparator
- RTO treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e2“Compared with RTO treatment, soil microbial basal respiration and microbial growth rate with CT treatment were increased 30.56%, 30.94% and 11.91%, 12.34% in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CT treatment increased soil microbial growth rate in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soilse2
- Treatment
- CT treatmente2
- Outcome
- microbial growth ratee2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 11.91%, 12.34%e2
- Comparator
- RTO treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e2“Compared with RTO treatment, soil microbial basal respiration and microbial growth rate with CT treatment were increased 30.56%, 30.94% and 11.91%, 12.34% in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
NT treatment promoted soil microbial C utilisation efficiency
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NT treatmente3
- Outcome
- soil microbial C utilization efficiencye3
- Direction
- promotede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e3“The soil microbial C utilization efficiency were promoted with NT treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
CT, RT and NT treatments increased the metabolic capacity of soil microorganisms towards exogenous C sources
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CT, RT and NT treatmentse4
- Outcome
- metabolic capacity of soil microorganism to exogenous C sourcee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- RTO treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e4“Compared with RTO treatment, the metabolic capacity of soil microorganism to exogenous C source with CT, RT and NT treatments were increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Saccharides were the largest type of exogenous C source utilised by soil microorganisms
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Compound
- saccharidese5
- Outcome
- type of exogenous C sourcee5
- Direction
- largeste5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e5“The largest type of exogenous C source was saccharides, followed by amino acid and polymers, and complex compounds was the smallest”
Claim · model-written summary
Complex compounds were the smallest type of exogenous C source utilised by soil microorganisms
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Compound
- complex compoundse5
- Outcome
- type of exogenous C sourcee5
- Direction
- smalleste5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e5“The largest type of exogenous C source was saccharides, followed by amino acid and polymers, and complex compounds was the smallest”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage treatments significantly changed soil microbial utilisation characteristics of exogenous C sources
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Treatment
- tillage treatmentse6
- Outcome
- utilization characteristics of soil microorganism to exogenous C sourcee6
- Direction
- changede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e6“tillage treatments significantly changed the utilization characteristics of soil microorganism to exogenous C source”
Claim · model-written summary
CT treatment increased early rice grain yield by 409.5 kg ha −1 relative to RTO
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Material
- early ricee7
- Treatment
- CT treatmente7
- Outcome
- grain yielde7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Value
- 409.5 kg ha −1e7
- Comparator
- RTO treatmente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e7“Compared with RTO treatment, the grain yield of early rice and late rice with CT treatment were increased by 409.5 kg ha −1 and 387.0 kg ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
CT treatment increased late rice grain yield by 387.0 kg ha −1 relative to RTO
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae0
- Material
- late ricee7
- Treatment
- CT treatmente7
- Outcome
- grain yielde7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Value
- 387.0 kg ha −1e7
- Comparator
- RTO treatmente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
e7“Compared with RTO treatment, the grain yield of early rice and late rice with CT treatment were increased by 409.5 kg ha −1 and 387.0 kg ha −1”
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