Abstract
In the present agricultural scenario, balanced nutrients application is a key to improved crop production without deteriorating soil health. Therefore, from environmental concern, there is need to supplement a part of chemical fertilizers with locally available organics. To attain this objective, field experiments were conducted to study the effect of sewage sludge (SS), vermicompost (VC) and Sesbania (SB) using them by 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers (RDF) and combination of customized fertilizers (CF) for rice and wheat separately and also sulfur (S), zinc (Zn) and boron (B) with RDF. Among the nutrient sources, the maximum grain yield in rice (4.92 t ha−1) recorded with 100% RDF applied along with S, Zn and B whereas in wheat (4.64 t ha−1), it was with CF. Total removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), S and B were higher by rice crop than that of wheat. The treatment with 75% RDF along with VC had significantly higher water holding capacity and lower bulk density of post-harvest soil (PHS) during both years. Organic carbon, available N, P, K content in PHS increased significantly by application of 100% RDF along with S, Zn, B and CF for both years. Application of S, Zn and B resulted a significant increase in available S and B content in soil over 100% RDF. Application of VC significantly increased the bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population in PHS.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum rice grain yield was obtained with 100% RDF with S, Zn and B.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- 100% RDF applied along with S, Zn and Be0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.92 t ha−1e0
- Setting
- field experimentse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the nutrient sources, the maximum grain yield in rice (4.92 t ha−1) recorded with 100% RDF applied along with S, Zn and B whereas in wheat (4.64 t ha−1), it was with CF”
e1“field experiments were conducted to study the effect of sewage sludge (SS), vermicompost (VC) and Sesbania (SB)”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum wheat grain yield was obtained with customized fertilizers (CF).
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- CFe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.64 t ha−1e0
- Setting
- field experimentse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the nutrient sources, the maximum grain yield in rice (4.92 t ha−1) recorded with 100% RDF applied along with S, Zn and B whereas in wheat (4.64 t ha−1), it was with CF”
e1“field experiments were conducted to study the effect of sewage sludge (SS), vermicompost (VC) and Sesbania (SB)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total removal of N, P, K, S and B was higher by rice than by wheat.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Outcome
- Total removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), S and Be2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- wheate2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Total removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), S and B were higher by rice crop than that of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment with 75% RDF along with VC significantly increased water holding capacity of post-harvest soil.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e3“The treatment with 75% RDF along with VC had significantly higher water holding capacity and lower bulk density of post-harvest soil (PHS) during both years”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment with 75% RDF along with VC significantly lowered bulk density of post-harvest soil.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e3“The treatment with 75% RDF along with VC had significantly higher water holding capacity and lower bulk density of post-harvest soil (PHS) during both years”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic carbon and available N, P, K increased in post-harvest soil with 100% RDF along with S, Zn, B and CF.
- Treatment
- 100% RDF along with S, Zn, B and CFe4
- Outcome
- Organic carbon, available N, P, K contente4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e4“Organic carbon, available N, P, K content in PHS increased significantly by application of 100% RDF along with S, Zn, B and CF for both years”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of S, Zn and B increased available S and B in soil over 100% RDF.
- Treatment
- Application of S, Zn and Be5
- Outcome
- available S and B content in soile5
- Direction
- increasee5
- Comparator
- 100% RDFe5
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e5“Application of S, Zn and B resulted a significant increase in available S and B content in soil over 100% RDF”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of VC increased the bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes populations in post-harvest soil.
- Treatment
- Application of VCe6
- Outcome
- bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes populatione6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e6“Application of VC significantly increased the bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population in PHS”
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