Abstract
The variation in nitrogen (N) uptake by rice has been widely studied but differences in rice root morphology that may contribute to this variation are not completely understood. Field and greenhouse experiments were carried out to study N accumulation, root dry weights, total root lengths, root surface areas, and root bleeding rates of two rice cultivars, Elio with low N-use efficiency and Nanguang with high N-use efficiency. Low (1 mmol N L-1) and high (5 mmol N L-1) N applications were established in the greenhouse experiment, and the N rates were 0, 120, and 240 kg ha-1 in the field experiments at Jiangning and Jiangpu farms, Nanjing, China. The results showed that the N accumulation, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area increased with an increase in N application. At the heading stage, N accumulation in the shoots and roots of Nanguang was greater than that of Elio in the field experiments and that of Elio at 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment. After the heading stage, N accumulation was higher for Nanguang at both 1 and 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment. The total root length and root surface area were significantly different between the two cultivars. Over the range of the fertilizer application rates, the root lengths of Nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%–61% greater at booting and 26%–39% greater at heading than those of Elio, and at Jiangpu Farm they were 22%–42% and 26%–38% greater, respectively. Nanguang had a greater root bleeding rate than Elio. It was concluded that the N-use efficiency of the two rice cultivars studied depended to a great extent on the root morphological parameters and root physiological characteristics at different growth stages.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen accumulation, root dry weight, root length and surface area rose with nitrogen application.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- increase in N applicatione0
- Outcome
- N accumulation, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the N accumulation, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area increased with an increase in N application.”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading, Nanguang accumulated more shoot and root nitrogen than Elio in the field and at high greenhouse nitrogen.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nanguange0
- Organ / stage
- heading stagee0
- Outcome
- N accumulation in the shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- Elioe0
- Setting
- field experimentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the heading stage, N accumulation in the shoots and roots of Nanguang was greater than that of Elio in the field experiments and that of Elio at 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment.”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
After heading, Nanguang had higher nitrogen accumulation than Elio at both greenhouse nitrogen rates.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nanguange0
- Organ / stage
- After the heading stagee0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at both 1 and 5 mmol N L-1e0
- Setting
- greenhouse experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After the heading stage, N accumulation was higher for Nanguang at both 1 and 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment.”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Total root length and surface area differed significantly between the two cultivars.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- total root length and root surface areae0
- Direction
- differente0
- Comparator
- two cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total root length and root surface area were significantly different between the two cultivars.”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanguang root lengths at Jiangning Farm exceeded Elio by 49%–61% at booting.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nanguange0
- Organ / stage
- bootinge0
- Outcome
- root lengthse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 49%–61%e0
- Comparator
- Elioe0
- Setting
- Jiangning Farme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the root lengths of Nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%–61% greater at booting and 26%–39% greater at heading than those of Elio”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanguang root lengths at Jiangning Farm exceeded Elio by 26%–39% at heading.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nanguange0
- Organ / stage
- headinge0
- Outcome
- root lengthse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 26%–39%e0
- Comparator
- Elioe0
- Setting
- Jiangning Farme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the root lengths of Nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%–61% greater at booting and 26%–39% greater at heading than those of Elio”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanguang root lengths at Jiangpu Farm exceeded Elio by 22%–42% at booting.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nanguange1
- Organ / stage
- bootinge1
- Outcome
- root lengthse1
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 22%–42%e0
- Comparator
- Elioe1
- Setting
- Jiangpu Farme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at Jiangpu Farm they were 22%–42% and 26%–38% greater, respectively.”
e1“the root lengths of Nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%–61% greater at booting and 26%–39% greater at heading than those of Elio”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanguang root lengths at Jiangpu Farm exceeded Elio by 26%–38% at heading.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nanguange1
- Organ / stage
- headinge1
- Outcome
- root lengthse1
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 26%–38%e0
- Comparator
- Elioe1
- Setting
- Jiangpu Farme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at Jiangpu Farm they were 22%–42% and 26%–38% greater, respectively.”
e1“the root lengths of Nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%–61% greater at booting and 26%–39% greater at heading than those of Elio”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanguang had a greater root bleeding rate than Elio.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Nanguange0
- Outcome
- root bleeding ratee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- Elioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nanguang had a greater root bleeding rate than Elio.”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded rice nitrogen-use efficiency depended substantially on root morphology and physiology across growth stages.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- different growth stagese0
- Outcome
- N-use efficiencye0
- Qualifier
- root morphological parameters and root physiological characteristicse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the N-use efficiency of the two rice cultivars studied depended to a great extent on the root morphological parameters and root physiological characteristics at different growth stages.”
t0“Two Rice Cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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