Abstract
Water deficit-induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation is one of the most important stress signaling pathways in plant cells. Redox regulation of cellular signaling has currently attracted particular attention, but much less is known about its roles and mechanisms in plant signaling. Herein, we report that water deficit-induced ABA accumulation could be regulated by ascorbic acid (AA)-controlled redox status in leave apoplast. The AA content in non-stressed leaves was approximately 3 μmol/g FW, corresponding to a mean concentration of 3 mmol/L in a whole cell. Because AA is mainly localized in the cytosol and chloroplasts, the volume of which is much smaller than that of the whole cell, AA content in cytosolic and chloroplast compartments should be much higher than 3 mmol/L. Water deficit-induced ABA accumulation in both leaf and root tissues of maize seedlings was significantly inhibited by AA and reduced glutathione (GSH) at concentrations of 500 μmol/L and was completely blocked by 50 mmol/L AA and GSH. These results suggest that the AA-induced inhibition of ABA accumulation should not occur at sites where AA exists in high concentrations. Although water deficit led to a small increase in the dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content, no significant changes in AA content were observed in either leaf or root tissues. When compared with the whole leaf cell, the AA content in the apoplastic compartment was much lower (i.e.approximately 70 nmol/g FW, corresponding to 0.7 mmol/L). Water deficit induced a significant decrease (approximately 2.5-fold) in the AA content and an increase (approximately 3.4-fold) in the DHA content in the apoplastic compartment, thus leading to a considerably decreased redox status there, which may have contributed to the relief of AA-induced inhibition of ABA accumulation, alternatively, promoting water deficit-induced ABA accumulation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) could not mimic water deficit in inducing ABA accumulation, suggesting that the inhibition of ABA accumulation by AA or GSH was
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
AA and GSH at 500 μmol/L significantly inhibited water deficit-induced ABA accumulation in leaves and roots of maize seedlings.
- Organ / stage
- leaf and root tissuese0
- Treatment
- AA and reduced glutathione (GSH) at concentrations of 500 μmol/Le0
- Outcome
- ABA accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e0“Water deficit-induced ABA accumulation in both leaf and root tissues of maize seedlings was significantly inhibited by AA and reduced glutathione (GSH) at concentrations of 500 μmol/L and was completely blocked by 50 mmol/L AA and GSH”
Claim · model-written summary
50 mmol/L AA and GSH completely blocked water deficit-induced ABA accumulation in leaves and roots of maize seedlings.
- Organ / stage
- leaf and root tissuese0
- Treatment
- 50 mmol/L AA and GSHe0
- Outcome
- ABA accumulatione0
- Direction
- blockede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e0“Water deficit-induced ABA accumulation in both leaf and root tissues of maize seedlings was significantly inhibited by AA and reduced glutathione (GSH) at concentrations of 500 μmol/L and was completely blocked by 50 mmol/L AA and GSH”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit led to a small increase in dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content in maize.
- Treatment
- water deficite1
- Outcome
- dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- smalle1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e1“Although water deficit led to a small increase in the dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content, no significant changes in AA content were observed in either leaf or root tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit caused no significant change in AA content in leaves or roots of maize seedlings.
- Organ / stage
- leaf or root tissuese1
- Treatment
- water deficite1
- Outcome
- AA contente1
- Direction
- no significant changese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e1“Although water deficit led to a small increase in the dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content, no significant changes in AA content were observed in either leaf or root tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit significantly decreased AA content (approximately 2.5-fold) in the apoplastic compartment of maize.
- Organ / stage
- apoplastic compartmente2
- Treatment
- water deficite2
- Outcome
- AA contente2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Value
- approximately 2.5-folde2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e2“Water deficit induced a significant decrease (approximately 2.5-fold) in the AA content and an increase (approximately 3.4-fold) in the DHA content in the apoplastic compartment”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit increased DHA content (approximately 3.4-fold) in the apoplastic compartment of maize.
- Organ / stage
- apoplastic compartmente2
- Treatment
- water deficite2
- Outcome
- DHA contente2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Value
- approximately 3.4-folde2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e2“Water deficit induced a significant decrease (approximately 2.5-fold) in the AA content and an increase (approximately 3.4-fold) in the DHA content in the apoplastic compartment”
Claim · model-written summary
AA content in the apoplastic compartment was much lower than in the whole leaf cell (approximately 70 nmol/g FW).
- Organ / stage
- apoplastic compartmente3
- Outcome
- AA contente3
- Direction
- much lowere3
- Value
- approximately 70 nmol/g FWe3
- Comparator
- whole leaf celle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e3“When compared with the whole leaf cell, the AA content in the apoplastic compartment was much lower (i.e.approximately 70 nmol/g FW, corresponding to 0.7 mmol/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
AA content in non-stressed maize leaves was approximately 3 μmol/g FW.
- Organ / stage
- non-stressed leavese4
- Outcome
- AA contente4
- Value
- approximately 3 μmol/g FWe4
- Qualifier
- corresponding to a mean concentration of 3 mmol/L in a whole celle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e4“The AA content in non-stressed leaves was approximately 3 μmol/g FW, corresponding to a mean concentration of 3 mmol/L in a whole cell”
Claim · model-written summary
Reactive oxygen species could not mimic water deficit in inducing ABA accumulation in maize.
- Treatment
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS)e5
- Outcome
- ABA accumulatione5
- Direction
- could not mimice5
- Comparator
- water deficite5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e5“Reactive oxygen species (ROS) could not mimic water deficit in inducing ABA accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit-induced ABA accumulation could be regulated by ascorbic acid (AA)-controlled redox status in the leaf apoplast.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Regulation of Water Deficit-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation by Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid in Maize Seedlings”
e6“water deficit-induced ABA accumulation could be regulated by ascorbic acid (AA)-controlled redox status in leave apoplast”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.