Abstract
Variable rate fertilization is one of the core technologies of precision agriculture, and it is particularly important to develop a representative field sampling scheme with less workload. A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town, Jianshui County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and set up 7 groups of sample point deletion schemes to study the reasonable sampling spacing of soil nutrients. Based on the grading standard of soil nutrients in plow layer, the distribution of soil nutrients was statistically analyzed by using classical statistical methods to reveal the spatial distribution variability of soil nutrients. We then utilized a geostatistical method to interpolate the soil nutrient to obtain the soil nutrient distribution map, and compared the soil nutrient distribution map of the deletion sampling scheme with the original sampling scheme A in shape and area. Results revealed that the deletion scheme E was the most consistent with the sampling results of the full coverage sampling scheme A, and the number of soil sampling could be reduced by half under the premise of meeting the requirements of precise fertilization. The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization, the total yield of soft seed pomegranate increased by 41.52%, and the sugar content, sugar–acid ratio and vitamin C content of pomegranate grain increased by 11.79%, 51.26% and 31.59%. The results also provide support to determine sampling spacing, spatial variability of soil nutrients and variable rate fertilization in precision farming.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion sampling scheme E was the most consistent with the full coverage sampling scheme A in soil nutrient distribution.
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatume0 - Outcome
- most consistent with the sampling resultse2
- Comparator
- full coverage sampling scheme Ae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e2“Results revealed that the deletion scheme E was the most consistent with the sampling results of the full coverage sampling scheme A, and the number of soil sampling could be reduced by half under the premise of meeting the requirements of precise fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of soil samples could be reduced by half while meeting precise fertilization requirements.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Outcome
- number of soil samplinge2
- Value
- reduced by halfe2
- Qualifier
- under the premise of meeting the requirements of precise fertilizatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e2“Results revealed that the deletion scheme E was the most consistent with the sampling results of the full coverage sampling scheme A, and the number of soil sampling could be reduced by half under the premise of meeting the requirements of precise fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Variable rate fertilization saved 26% of nitrogen fertilizer compared with conventional farmer fertilization.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- variable rate fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- nitrogene3
- Direction
- savee3
- Value
- 26%e3
- Comparator
- farmers’ conventional fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e3“The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Variable rate fertilization saved 54% of phosphorus fertilizer compared with conventional farmer fertilization.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- variable rate fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- phosphoruse3
- Direction
- savee3
- Value
- 54%e3
- Comparator
- farmers’ conventional fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e3“The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Variable rate fertilization saved 34% of potassium fertilizer compared with conventional farmer fertilization.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- variable rate fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- potassiume3
- Direction
- savee3
- Value
- 34%e3
- Comparator
- farmers’ conventional fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e3“The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Variable rate fertilization increased total soft seed pomegranate yield by 41.52% compared with conventional farmer fertilization.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- variable rate fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- total yield of soft seed pomegranatee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 41.52%e4
- Comparator
- farmers’ conventional fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e3“The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization”
e4“the total yield of soft seed pomegranate increased by 41.52%”
Claim · model-written summary
Variable rate fertilization increased the sugar content of pomegranate grain by 11.79% compared with conventional farmer fertilization.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- variable rate fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- sugar contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 11.79%e5
- Comparator
- farmers’ conventional fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e3“The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization”
e5“the sugar content, sugar–acid ratio and vitamin C content of pomegranate grain increased by 11.79%, 51.26% and 31.59%”
Claim · model-written summary
Variable rate fertilization increased the sugar–acid ratio of pomegranate grain by 51.26% compared with conventional farmer fertilization.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- variable rate fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- sugar–acid ratioe5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 51.26%e5
- Comparator
- farmers’ conventional fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e3“The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization”
e5“the sugar content, sugar–acid ratio and vitamin C content of pomegranate grain increased by 11.79%, 51.26% and 31.59%”
Claim · model-written summary
Variable rate fertilization increased the vitamin C content of pomegranate grain by 31.59% compared with conventional farmer fertilization.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- variable rate fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- vitamin C contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 31.59%e5
- Comparator
- farmers’ conventional fertilizatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A grid sampling of 1 m × 1 m was conducted on a pomegranate garden of 414 m2 in Nanzhuang Town”
e3“The field experiment showed that the variable rate fertilization could save 26%, 54% and 34% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer compared with the farmers’ conventional fertilization”
e5“the sugar content, sugar–acid ratio and vitamin C content of pomegranate grain increased by 11.79%, 51.26% and 31.59%”
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