Abstract
our study revealed the beneficial effect of melatonin, an indole amine hormone, on food value and storability of tomato. We have taken four doses of melatonin viz. 50, 100, 250 and 500 µmol/L. Two sprays were done at fruit setting and color break stage. Application of melatonin @ 250 µmol/L was found to be advantageous in improving the carbohydrate, protein, fat, total sugar and total soluble solids content in tomato fruits as compared to control (without melatonin). Melatonin application @ 250 µmol/L showed reduced activity of polygalacturonase-I (37.16%), polygalacturonase-II (39.40%) and ascorbic acid oxidase (35.14%) as compared to control; whereas maximum reduction of polyphenol oxidase activity (28.03%) was associated with melatonin (500 µmol/L). Melatonin application on phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and antiradical activity in tomato also shown interesting results. Overall, exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/L was found to be beneficial for higher bioactivity in tomato in terms of lycopene content (15.56 ± 0.99 mg/kg of tissue), total phenolics (27.8 mg GAE/100 g), L-ascorbic acid (28.45±2.51 mg/100 g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (12.80 mg AAE/100 g). Total flavonoids content was found to be highest (3.30 mg QE/100 g) with melatonin @ 250 µmol/L. Moreover, application of Melatonin (250 µmol/L) increased the shelf life up to 25 days as compared to 15 days under control at room temperature. The findings clearly suggest that application of exogenous melatonin is a potential option for enhancing food value and storability of tomato.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 250 µmol/L improved carbohydrate, protein and fat content of tomato fruits compared with control.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Organ / stage
- tomato fruitse1
- Treatment
- Application of melatonin @ 250 µmol/Le1
- Outcome
- carbohydrate, protein, fate1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Comparator
- control (without melatonin)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e1“Application of melatonin @ 250 µmol/L was found to be advantageous in improving the carbohydrate, protein, fat, total sugar and total soluble solids content in tomato fruits as compared to control (without melatonin)”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 250 µmol/L improved total sugar and total soluble solids content of tomato fruits compared with control.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- tomato fruitse1
- Treatment
- Application of melatonin @ 250 µmol/Le1
- Outcome
- total sugar and total soluble solidse1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Comparator
- control (without melatonin)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e1“Application of melatonin @ 250 µmol/L was found to be advantageous in improving the carbohydrate, protein, fat, total sugar and total soluble solids content in tomato fruits as compared to control (without melatonin)”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 250 µmol/L reduced polygalacturonase-I activity by 37.16% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Melatonin application @ 250 µmol/Le2
- Gene
- polygalacturonase-Ie2
- Outcome
- activity of polygalacturonase-Ie2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 37.16%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e2“Melatonin application @ 250 µmol/L showed reduced activity of polygalacturonase-I (37.16%), polygalacturonase-II (39.40%) and ascorbic acid oxidase (35.14%) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 250 µmol/L reduced polygalacturonase-II activity by 39.40% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Melatonin application @ 250 µmol/Le2
- Gene
- polygalacturonase-IIe2
- Outcome
- polygalacturonase-IIe2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 39.40%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e2“Melatonin application @ 250 µmol/L showed reduced activity of polygalacturonase-I (37.16%), polygalacturonase-II (39.40%) and ascorbic acid oxidase (35.14%) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 250 µmol/L reduced ascorbic acid oxidase activity by 35.14% compared with control.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Melatonin application @ 250 µmol/Le2
- Gene
- ascorbic acid oxidasee2
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid oxidasee2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 35.14%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e2“Melatonin application @ 250 µmol/L showed reduced activity of polygalacturonase-I (37.16%), polygalacturonase-II (39.40%) and ascorbic acid oxidase (35.14%) as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 500 µmol/L gave the maximum reduction of polyphenol oxidase activity (28.03%) in tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- melatonin (500 µmol/L)e3
- Gene
- polyphenol oxidasee3
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidase activitye3
- Direction
- maximum reductione3
- Value
- 28.03%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e3“maximum reduction of polyphenol oxidase activity (28.03%) was associated with melatonin (500 µmol/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin at 50 to 100 µmol/L was beneficial for higher lycopene content (15.56 ± 0.99 mg/kg of tissue) in tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/Le4
- Outcome
- lycopene contente4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 15.56 ± 0.99 mg/kg of tissuee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e4“exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/L was found to be beneficial for higher bioactivity in tomato in terms of lycopene content (15.56 ± 0.99 mg/kg of tissue), total phenolics (27.8 mg GAE/100 g), L-ascorbic acid (28.45±2.51 mg/100 g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (12.80 mg AAE/100 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin at 50 to 100 µmol/L was beneficial for higher total phenolics (27.8 mg GAE/100 g) in tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/Le4
- Outcome
- total phenolicse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 27.8 mg GAE/100 ge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e4“exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/L was found to be beneficial for higher bioactivity in tomato in terms of lycopene content (15.56 ± 0.99 mg/kg of tissue), total phenolics (27.8 mg GAE/100 g), L-ascorbic acid (28.45±2.51 mg/100 g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (12.80 mg AAE/100 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin at 50 to 100 µmol/L was beneficial for higher L-ascorbic acid (28.45±2.51 mg/100 g) in tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/Le4
- Outcome
- L-ascorbic acide4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 28.45±2.51 mg/100 ge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e4“exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/L was found to be beneficial for higher bioactivity in tomato in terms of lycopene content (15.56 ± 0.99 mg/kg of tissue), total phenolics (27.8 mg GAE/100 g), L-ascorbic acid (28.45±2.51 mg/100 g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (12.80 mg AAE/100 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin at 50 to 100 µmol/L was beneficial for higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (12.80 mg AAE/100 g) in tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/Le4
- Outcome
- DPPH radical scavenging activitye4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 12.80 mg AAE/100 ge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e4“exogenous application of melatonin @ 50 to 100 µmol/L was found to be beneficial for higher bioactivity in tomato in terms of lycopene content (15.56 ± 0.99 mg/kg of tissue), total phenolics (27.8 mg GAE/100 g), L-ascorbic acid (28.45±2.51 mg/100 g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (12.80 mg AAE/100 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 250 µmol/L gave the highest total flavonoids content (3.30 mg QE/100 g) in tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- melatonin @ 250 µmol/Le5
- Outcome
- Total flavonoids contente5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Value
- 3.30 mg QE/100 ge5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e5“Total flavonoids content was found to be highest (3.30 mg QE/100 g) with melatonin @ 250 µmol/L”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin at 250 µmol/L increased tomato shelf life to 25 days at room temperature, compared with 15 days under control.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- application of Melatonin (250 µmol/L)e6
- Outcome
- shelf lifee6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- 25 dayse6
- Comparator
- controle6
- Setting
- room temperaturee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e6“application of Melatonin (250 µmol/L) increased the shelf life up to 25 days as compared to 15 days under control at room temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin is a potential option for enhancing food value and storability of tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)Solanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- application of exogenous melatonine7
- Outcome
- enhancing food value and storabilitye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
e7“application of exogenous melatonin is a potential option for enhancing food value and storability of tomato”
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