Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of exogenous melatonin (0. 5 mM) application through pre-harvest foliar spray and postharvest immersion, alone or in combination, on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit and their relationship with bioactive compounds and gene expression at harvest as well after cold storage (0°C) for 12 days and subsequent room temperature (20°C) exposure for 8 h. Although several ripening traits were not influenced by melatonin, the combining pre- and post-harvest treatments delayed fruit softening at post-cold period. Preharvest spray with melatonin depressed fruit respiration at time of harvest while all applied treatments induced respiratory activity following cold, indicating that this anti-ripening action of melatonin is reversed by cold. Several genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, such as PaFUM, PaOGDH, PaIDH , and PaPDHA1 were upregulated in fruit exposed to melatonin, particularly following combined pre- and post-harvest application. The accumulation of phenolic compounds, such as neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2+B4, cyanidin-3- O -galactoside, and cyanidin-3- O -rutinoside along with the expression of several genes involved in phenols biosynthesis, such as PaSK, PaPAL, Pa4CL, PaC4H , and PaFNR were at higher levels in melatonin-treated cherries at harvest and after cold exposure, the highest effects being observed in fruits subjected to both pre- and post-harvest treatments. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of melatonin-responsive ripening framework at different melatonin application conditions and sweet cherry stages, thereby helps to understand the action of this molecule in fruit physiology.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest melatonin spray depressed fruit respiration at harvest.
- Taxon
- sweet cherry
Prunus aviume0 - Material
- Ferroviae0
- Treatment
- Preharvest spray with melatonine1
- Outcome
- fruit respiratione1
- Direction
- depressede1
- Qualifier
- at time of harveste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“Preharvest spray with melatonin depressed fruit respiration at time of harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined pre- and postharvest melatonin treatments delayed fruit softening after cold exposure.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Material
- Ferroviae0
- Treatment
- combining pre- and post-harvest treatmentse1
- Outcome
- fruit softeninge1
- Direction
- delayede1
- Qualifier
- at post-cold periode1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“the combining pre- and post-harvest treatments delayed fruit softening at post-cold period”
Claim · model-written summary
All applied melatonin treatments induced respiratory activity after cold storage.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Material
- Ferroviae0
- Treatment
- all applied treatmentse1
- Outcome
- respiratory activitye1
- Direction
- inducede1
- Qualifier
- following colde1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“all applied treatments induced respiratory activity following cold”
Claim · model-written summary
The anti-ripening action of melatonin is reversed by cold, according to the authors.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Outcome
- anti-ripening action of melatonine1
- Qualifier
- reversed by colde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“this anti-ripening action of melatonin is reversed by cold”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin upregulated the tricarboxylic acid cycle genes PaFUM, PaOGDH and PaIDH in fruit, particularly after combined application.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Gene
- PaFUM, PaOGDH, PaIDHe1
- Outcome
- Several genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cyclee1
- Direction
- upregulatede1
- Qualifier
- particularly following combined pre- and post-harvest applicatione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“Several genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, such as PaFUM, PaOGDH, PaIDH , and PaPDHA1 were upregulated in fruit exposed to melatonin, particularly following combined pre- and post-harvest application”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin upregulated the tricarboxylic acid cycle gene PaPDHA1 in fruit, particularly after combined application.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Gene
- PaPDHA1e1
- Outcome
- Several genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cyclee1
- Direction
- upregulatede1
- Qualifier
- particularly following combined pre- and post-harvest applicatione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“Several genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, such as PaFUM, PaOGDH, PaIDH , and PaPDHA1 were upregulated in fruit exposed to melatonin, particularly following combined pre- and post-harvest application”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin-treated cherries had higher phenolic compound accumulation at harvest and after cold exposure, with the highest effect after combined pre- and postharvest treatment.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Treatment
- melatonine2
- Outcome
- accumulation of phenolic compoundse1
- Direction
- highere2
- Qualifier
- the highest effects being observed in fruits subjected to both pre- and post-harvest treatmentse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“The accumulation of phenolic compounds”
e2“were at higher levels in melatonin-treated cherries at harvest and after cold exposure”
e3“the highest effects being observed in fruits subjected to both pre- and post-harvest treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin raised the expression of PaSK, PaPAL and Pa4CL genes involved in phenol biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Gene
- PaSK, PaPAL, Pa4CLe2
- Outcome
- expression of several genes involved in phenols biosynthesise2
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“were at higher levels in melatonin-treated cherries at harvest and after cold exposure”
e2“along with the expression of several genes involved in phenols biosynthesis, such as PaSK, PaPAL, Pa4CL, PaC4H , and PaFNR”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin raised the expression of the PaC4H gene involved in phenol biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Gene
- PaC4He2
- Outcome
- expression of several genes involved in phenols biosynthesise2
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“were at higher levels in melatonin-treated cherries at harvest and after cold exposure”
e2“along with the expression of several genes involved in phenols biosynthesis, such as PaSK, PaPAL, Pa4CL, PaC4H , and PaFNR”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin raised the expression of the PaFNR gene involved in phenol biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Gene
- PaFNRe2
- Outcome
- expression of several genes involved in phenols biosynthesise2
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“were at higher levels in melatonin-treated cherries at harvest and after cold exposure”
e2“along with the expression of several genes involved in phenols biosynthesis, such as PaSK, PaPAL, Pa4CL, PaC4H , and PaFNR”
Claim · model-written summary
Several ripening traits were not influenced by melatonin.
- Taxon
- sweet cherryPrunus aviume0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Outcome
- several ripening traitse1
- Direction
- not influencede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on ripening parameters of sweet cherry (cv. Ferrovia) fruit”
e1“Although several ripening traits were not influenced by melatonin”
The same questions in other papers
melatonin · quality: postharvest · Prunus avium (sweet cherry)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
melatonin · quality: phytochemicals · Prunus avium (sweet cherry)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.