Abstract
Allelopathy is defined as biochemical interactions among plants by releasing the chemical compounds known as allelochemical. These compounds can affect the growth and physiological processes of receiver plants. The present study was aimed at the identification of chemical constituents of ethanolic extract from root, stem, leaf, and flower of Convolvulus arvensis L. and its allelopathic activity on growth and physiological parameters of Triticum aestivum L. experimental design was completely randomized design with three replications. A total of 23 compounds were identified in ethanolic extracts which palmitic acid, 9-octadecenal, 9-octadecanoic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid were the major compounds. The results indicated that the germination and early growth of wheat were reduced by extracts especially in higher concentrations (50 and 100 g/L). Photosynthetic pigments content (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) was reduced. Total soluble proteins content was mostly increased by increasing the concentration of the extracts. Catalase activity was increased in low concentrations but decreased by high concentrations. A decreasing trend was observed in the peroxidase activity. Malondialdehyde content was increased with increasing the concentration of the extracts, indicating the occurrence of oxidative stress in both shoot and root of wheat seedlings. It was concluded that the extracts from different organs of field bindweed negatively affected the growth and physiological processes and cause oxidative stress in wheat seedlings.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
A total of 23 compounds were identified in ethanolic extracts of root, stem, leaf and flower of Convolvulus arvensis.
- Taxon
- Convolvulus arvensis L.
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Convolvulus arvensise2 - Organ / stage
- root, stem, leaf, and flowere2
- Outcome
- compounds were identifiede1
- Value
- 23e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“A total of 23 compounds were identified in ethanolic extracts”
e2“ethanolic extract from root, stem, leaf, and flower of Convolvulus arvensis L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Palmitic acid, 9-octadecenal and 9-octadecanoic acid were among the major compounds in the extracts.
- Taxon
- Convolvulus arvensis L.Convolvulus arvensise2
- Outcome
- palmitic acid, 9-octadecenal, 9-octadecanoic acide1
- Qualifier
- major compoundse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“palmitic acid, 9-octadecenal, 9-octadecanoic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid were the major compounds”
e2“ethanolic extract from root, stem, leaf, and flower of Convolvulus arvensis L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Linoleic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid were among the major compounds in the extracts.
- Taxon
- Convolvulus arvensis L.Convolvulus arvensise2
- Outcome
- linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acide1
- Qualifier
- major compoundse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“linoleic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid were the major compounds”
e2“ethanolic extract from root, stem, leaf, and flower of Convolvulus arvensis L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination and early growth of wheat were reduced by field bindweed extracts, especially at the higher concentrations of 50 and 100 g/L.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- extractse1
- Outcome
- germination and early growthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- higher concentrations (50 and 100 g/L)e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the germination and early growth of wheat were reduced by extracts especially in higher concentrations (50 and 100 g/L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) of wheat was reduced by field bindweed extracts.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- field bindweed organs extractt0
- Outcome
- Photosynthetic pigments contente1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Photosynthetic pigments content (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) was reduced”
t0“field bindweed organs extract on growth and physiological parameters of bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Total soluble protein content in wheat was mostly increased as extract concentration increased.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- field bindweed organs extractt0
- Outcome
- Total soluble proteins contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Total soluble proteins content was mostly increased by increasing the concentration of the extracts”
t0“field bindweed organs extract on growth and physiological parameters of bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity in wheat was increased at low extract concentrations.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- field bindweed organs extractt0
- Outcome
- Catalase activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- low concentrationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Catalase activity was increased in low concentrations”
t0“field bindweed organs extract on growth and physiological parameters of bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase activity in wheat was decreased at high extract concentrations.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- field bindweed organs extractt0
- Outcome
- Catalase activitye1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- high concentrationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Catalase activity was increased in low concentrations but decreased by high concentrations”
t0“field bindweed organs extract on growth and physiological parameters of bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A decreasing trend was observed in peroxidase activity of wheat treated with the extracts.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- field bindweed organs extractt0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye1
- Direction
- decreasing trende1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A decreasing trend was observed in the peroxidase activity”
t0“field bindweed organs extract on growth and physiological parameters of bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Malondialdehyde content in shoots and roots of wheat seedlings increased with extract concentration, indicating oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- shoot and roote1
- Treatment
- extractse1
- Outcome
- Malondialdehyde contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Malondialdehyde content was increased with increasing the concentration of the extracts, indicating the occurrence of oxidative stress in both shoot and root of wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that extracts from different organs of field bindweed negatively affected growth and physiological processes and caused oxidative stress in wheat seedlings.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- extracts from different organs of field bindweede1
- Outcome
- growth and physiological processese1
- Direction
- negatively affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“extracts from different organs of field bindweed negatively affected the growth and physiological processes and cause oxidative stress in wheat seedlings”
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