Abstract
Sharp eyespot, caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis, is a devastating disease of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying wheat defense against R. cerealis are still largely unknown. In this study, by comparative transcriptomic analysis we identified a novel cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase (CRK)-encoding gene, designated as TaCRK3, and investigated its role in defense against R. cerealis. TaCRK3 transcript abundance was significantly elevated by R. cerealis and exogenous ethylene treatments. Silencing of TaCRK3 significantly compromised resistance to R. cerealis and repressed expression of an ethylene biosynthesis enzyme-encoding gene, ACO2, and a subset of defense-associated genes in wheat, whose transcript levels are up-regulated by ethylene stimulus. TaCRK3 protein was localized at the plasma membrane in wheat. Noticeably, both the heterologously expressed TaCRK3 protein and its partial peptide harboring two DUF26 (DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 26) domains could inhibit growth of R. cerealis mycelia. These results suggest that TaCRK3 mediates wheat resistance to R. cerealis through direct antifungal activity and heightening the expression of defense-associated genes in the ethylene signaling pathway. Moreover, its DUF26 domains are required for the antifungal activity of TaCRK3. Our results reveal that TaCRK3 is a promising gene for breeding wheat varieties with resistance to R. cerealis.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK3 was identified as a cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase gene.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“we identified a novel cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase (CRK)-encoding gene, designated as TaCRK3”
Claim · model-written summary
R. cerealis significantly elevated TaCRK3 transcript abundance.
- Treatment
- R. cerealise0
- Interactor
- R. cerealis
Ceratobasidium cerealee0pathogen - Gene
- TaCRK3e0
- Outcome
- TaCRK3 transcript abundancee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCRK3 transcript abundance was significantly elevated by R. cerealis and exogenous ethylene treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ethylene significantly elevated TaCRK3 transcripts.
- Treatment
- exogenous ethylene treatmentse0
- Gene
- TaCRK3e0
- Outcome
- TaCRK3 transcript abundancee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“TaCRK3 transcript abundance was significantly elevated by R. cerealis and exogenous ethylene treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK3 silencing significantly compromised resistance to R. cerealis.
- Treatment
- Silencing of TaCRK3e0
- Interactor
- R. cerealisCeratobasidium cerealee0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK3e0
- Outcome
- resistance to R. cerealise0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of TaCRK3 significantly compromised resistance to R. cerealis”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK3 silencing repressed ACO2 and defense gene expression.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Silencing of TaCRK3e0
- Gene
- ACO2e0
- Outcome
- expression of an ethylene biosynthesis enzyme-encoding gene, ACO2, and a subset of defense-associated genese0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of TaCRK3 significantly compromised resistance to R. cerealis and repressed expression of an ethylene biosynthesis enzyme-encoding gene, ACO2, and a subset of defense-associated genes in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK3 protein localized at the wheat plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Gene
- TaCRK3 proteine0
- Outcome
- localized at the plasma membranee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCRK3 protein was localized at the plasma membrane in wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Heterologously expressed TaCRK3 protein inhibited R. cerealis mycelial growth.
- Interactor
- R. cerealisCeratobasidium cerealee0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK3 proteine0
- Outcome
- growth of R. cerealis myceliae0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the heterologously expressed TaCRK3 protein and its partial peptide harboring two DUF26 (DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 26) domains could inhibit growth of R. cerealis mycelia.”
Claim · model-written summary
A TaCRK3 peptide containing DUF26 domains inhibited fungal growth.
- Interactor
- R. cerealisCeratobasidium cerealee0pathogen
- Gene
- DUF26 (DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 26) domainse0
- Outcome
- growth of R. cerealis myceliae0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the heterologously expressed TaCRK3 protein and its partial peptide harboring two DUF26 (DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 26) domains could inhibit growth of R. cerealis mycelia.”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer TaCRK3 mediates resistance through antifungal activity and ethylene-pathway defense gene expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- R. cerealisCeratobasidium cerealee0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK3e0
- Outcome
- resistance to R. cerealise0
- Qualifier
- direct antifungal activity and heightening the expression of defense-associated genes in the ethylene signaling pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCRK3 mediates wheat resistance to R. cerealis through direct antifungal activity and heightening the expression of defense-associated genes in the ethylene signaling pathway.”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer DUF26 domains are required for TaCRK3 antifungal activity.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“its DUF26 domains are required for the antifungal activity of TaCRK3.”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK3 is proposed as a resistance-breeding gene.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- R. cerealisCeratobasidium cerealee0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK3e0
- Outcome
- promising gene for breeding wheat varieties with resistance to R. cerealise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCRK3 is a promising gene for breeding wheat varieties with resistance to R. cerealis.”
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