Abstract
Onion is a poor competitor with early-season broadleaf weeds. In addition, there are no current herbicide labels that allow POST application prior to the onion two-leaf stage in ND and PRE herbicide options provide inconsistent results. Bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen at reduced rates plus adjuvants were evaluated in the greenhouse for common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed control and crop safety when applied to onion prior to the two-leaf stage. Bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen plus methylated seed oil (MSO) or petroleum oil concentrate (POC) had the greatest onion safety compared to other tested adjuvants and provided acceptable weed control 12 d after three sequential applications. 14C-oxyfluorfen absorption was evaluated in the laboratory 24 h after treatment and oxyfluorfen absorption was greatest at 35 C compared to 15 and 25 C. Multiple applications of bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen at reduced rates were further evaluated with MSO or POC in field experiments. Bromoxynil provided 12% better common lambsquarters control and 9 t/ha greater large-grade onion yield than oxyfluorfen. Greater reduced rates resulted in greater common lambsquarters control and reduced common lambsquarters stand density. Common lambsquarters control was 24 to 32% greater when POC or MSO were used, respectively, compared to no adjuvant. Bromoxynil did not reduce onion stand/m as rates increased, but oxyfluorfen reduced onion stand as rates increased. Four or five sequential bromoxynil or oxyfluorfen applications every 7 d resulted in 14 to 19% greater weed control than three sequential applications. Onion stand was severely reduced by PRE herbicide and multiple reduced-rate application combinations.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen with MSO or POC gave the greatest onion safety and acceptable weed control after three applications.
- Taxon
- Onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- Bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen plus methylated seed oil (MSO) or petroleum oil concentrate (POC)e0
- Outcome
- onion safetye0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- other tested adjuvantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bromoxynil and oxyfluorfen plus methylated seed oil (MSO) or petroleum oil concentrate (POC) had the greatest onion safety compared to other tested adjuvants and provided acceptable weed control 12 d after three sequential applications”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen absorption was greatest at 35 C relative to 15 and 25 C.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 35 Ce0
- Outcome
- oxyfluorfen absorptione0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- 15 and 25 Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oxyfluorfen absorption was greatest at 35 C compared to 15 and 25 C”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil improved common lambsquarters control by 12% relative to oxyfluorfen.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Bromoxynile0
- Interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- common lambsquarters controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Comparator
- oxyfluorfene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bromoxynil provided 12% better common lambsquarters control and 9 t/ha greater large-grade onion yield than oxyfluorfen”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil produced 9 t/ha more large-grade onion yield than oxyfluorfen.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Bromoxynile0
- Outcome
- large-grade onion yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 9 t/hae0
- Comparator
- oxyfluorfene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bromoxynil provided 12% better common lambsquarters control and 9 t/ha greater large-grade onion yield than oxyfluorfen”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater reduced herbicide rates improved common lambsquarters control and lowered its stand density.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Greater reduced ratese0
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- common lambsquarters controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greater reduced rates resulted in greater common lambsquarters control and reduced common lambsquarters stand density”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater reduced herbicide rates reduced common lambsquarters stand density.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Greater reduced ratese0
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- common lambsquarters stand densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greater reduced rates resulted in greater common lambsquarters control and reduced common lambsquarters stand density”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
POC increased common lambsquarters control by 24% relative to no adjuvant.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- POCe0
- Interactor
- Common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- Common lambsquarters controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 24 to 32%e0
- Comparator
- no adjuvante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Common lambsquarters control was 24 to 32% greater when POC or MSO were used, respectively, compared to no adjuvant”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
MSO increased common lambsquarters control by 32% relative to no adjuvant.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- MSOe0
- Interactor
- Common lambsquartersChenopodium albume0weed
- Outcome
- Common lambsquarters controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 32%e0
- Comparator
- no adjuvante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Common lambsquarters control was 24 to 32% greater when POC or MSO were used, respectively, compared to no adjuvant”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing bromoxynil rates did not reduce onion stand per meter.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Bromoxynile0
- Outcome
- onion stand/me0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bromoxynil did not reduce onion stand/m as rates increased”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing oxyfluorfen rates reduced onion stand.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene0
- Outcome
- onion stande0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oxyfluorfen reduced onion stand as rates increased”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Four or five sequential herbicide applications improved weed control by 14 to 19% over three applications.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Four or five sequential bromoxynil or oxyfluorfen applications every 7 de0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 14 to 19%e0
- Comparator
- three sequential applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four or five sequential bromoxynil or oxyfluorfen applications every 7 d resulted in 14 to 19% greater weed control than three sequential applications”
t0“Onion”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE herbicide combined with multiple reduced-rate applications severely reduced onion stand.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- PRE herbicide and multiple reduced-rate application combinationse0
- Outcome
- Onion stande0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Onion stand was severely reduced by PRE herbicide and multiple reduced-rate application combinations”
t0“Onion”
The same questions in other papers
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3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile · weed · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
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herbicide · organism · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.