Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in Adiyo, Bonke, Chencha, Sodo zuriya, and North Ari districts, they are found in Southern Ethiopia, during the 2019 main production season. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrations of host resistance and application of fungicides with designated spray frequency on Fusarium head blight under natural epiphytotic conditions and to determine the management effects on yield and yield components of wheat. The treatments consisted of wheat cultivars (Shorima and Hidase) and fungicides (Propiconazole and Tebuconazole) with four spray frequencies, including an unsprayed one. The experiment was arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications. Wheat cultivars were assigned to the main plots and fungicides allotted to the sub-plots, while the spray frequencies were appointed to sub-sub plots. Results exhibited that integration of wheat cultivars and fungicides with spray frequencies significantly (p < 0.001) reduced disease pressure and increased grain yields across the locations. The highest disease severity (36.46%) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) (404.78%-day) and lowest grain yield (2.42 t ha −1 ) were recorded at North Ari. The lowest severity (7.70%), and AUDPC (130.26%-day), and the highest grain yield (6.68 t ha −1 ) were recorded in Bonke. The lowest severity (4.78 and 5.74%) and AUDPC (52.86 and 59.78%-day) were recorded from Shorima due to integrated use of Tebuconazole with three and two times spray frequencies, respectively. The highest grain yield of 5.30 t ha −1 was recorded on Shorima in combination with Tebuconazole with three times spray frequencies. The grain yield loss of 46.49% was computed on unsprayed plots of Hidase cultivar. Overall, the results exhibited a combination of moderately resistance wheat cultivars supplemented by fungicide with appropriate spray frequencies right at disease onset reduced disease pressure and increased grain yield. Planting of Shorima combined with Tebuconazole with three times spray frequencies was found effective in reducing FHB epidemics and increasing grain yield with the highest monetary advantage. Therefore, this could be recommended to growers in the study areas and similar agro-ecologies to manage F. graminearum causing FHB in wheat.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated cultivar, fungicide and spray-frequency treatments significantly reduced disease pressure.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- integration of wheat cultivars and fungicides with spray frequenciese0
- Outcome
- disease pressuree0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integration of wheat cultivars and fungicides with spray frequencies significantly (p < 0.001) reduced disease pressure”
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated treatments significantly increased grain yields across locations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- integration of wheat cultivars and fungicides with spray frequenciese0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integration of wheat cultivars and fungicides with spray frequencies significantly (p < 0.001) reduced disease pressure and increased grain yields across the locations”
Claim · model-written summary
North Ari had the highest disease severity, 36.46%.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The highest disease severity (36.46%) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) (404.78%-day) and lowest grain yield (2.42 t ha −1 ) were recorded at North Ari”
Claim · model-written summary
North Ari had the highest AUDPC, 404.78%-day.
- Outcome
- area under disease progress curve (AUDPC)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 404.78%-daye0
- Setting
- North Arie0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The highest disease severity (36.46%) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) (404.78%-day) and lowest grain yield (2.42 t ha −1 ) were recorded at North Ari”
Claim · model-written summary
North Ari had the lowest grain yield, 2.42 t ha −1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“lowest grain yield (2.42 t ha −1 ) were recorded at North Ari”
Claim · model-written summary
Bonke had the lowest disease severity, 7.70%.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The lowest severity (7.70%), and AUDPC (130.26%-day), and the highest grain yield (6.68 t ha −1 ) were recorded in Bonke”
Claim · model-written summary
Bonke had AUDPC of 130.26%-day.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“AUDPC (130.26%-day)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bonke had the highest grain yield, 6.68 t ha −1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the highest grain yield (6.68 t ha −1 ) were recorded in Bonke”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorima with Tebuconazole sprayed three times had the lowest severity, 4.78%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The lowest severity (4.78 and 5.74%) and AUDPC (52.86 and 59.78%-day) were recorded from Shorima due to integrated use of Tebuconazole with three and two times spray frequencies, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorima with Tebuconazole sprayed twice had the lowest severity, 5.74%.
- Material
- Shorimae0
- Treatment
- Tebuconazole with three and two times spray frequenciese0
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 5.74%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The lowest severity (4.78 and 5.74%) and AUDPC (52.86 and 59.78%-day) were recorded from Shorima due to integrated use of Tebuconazole with three and two times spray frequencies, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Three Tebuconazole sprays on Shorima produced AUDPC of 52.86%-day.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“AUDPC (52.86 and 59.78%-day) were recorded from Shorima due to integrated use of Tebuconazole with three and two times spray frequencies, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Two Tebuconazole sprays on Shorima produced AUDPC of 59.78%-day.
- Material
- Shorimae0
- Treatment
- Tebuconazole with three and two times spray frequenciese0
- Outcome
- AUDPCe0
- Value
- 59.78%-daye0
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“AUDPC (52.86 and 59.78%-day) were recorded from Shorima due to integrated use of Tebuconazole with three and two times spray frequencies, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorima with Tebuconazole sprayed three times had the highest treatment grain yield, 5.30 t ha −1.
- Material
- Shorimae0
- Treatment
- Tebuconazole with three times spray frequenciese0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.30 t ha −1e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain yield of 5.30 t ha −1 was recorded on Shorima in combination with Tebuconazole with three times spray frequencies”
Claim · model-written summary
Unsprayed Hidase had grain yield loss of 46.49%.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield loss of 46.49% was computed on unsprayed plots of Hidase cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorima with three Tebuconazole sprays had the highest monetary advantage.
- Material
- Shorimae0
- Treatment
- Tebuconazole with three times spray frequenciese0
- Outcome
- monetary advantagee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Planting of Shorima combined with Tebuconazole with three times spray frequencies was found effective in reducing FHB epidemics and increasing grain yield with the highest monetary advantage”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Shorima with three Tebuconazole sprays for growers in similar areas.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- F. graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume0pathogen - Outcome
- recommended to growers in the study areas and similar agro-ecologiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“this could be recommended to growers in the study areas and similar agro-ecologies to manage F. graminearum causing FHB in wheat”
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