Abstract
Abstract Background Plant parasitic nematodes create serious threat to crop production. In Egypt root knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. has been considered to be a limiting factor in the production of most crops of which the Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important legume and oil crop. Therefore, management of root knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. is an obligatory challenge. Microbial organisms are extensively used as eco-friendly tools for controlling plant parasitic nematodes as alternative to chemical nematicides. The effectiveness of the commercial bacterial bio-fertilizers NPK containing Bacillus polymyxa , B. circulance , B. megaterium , Pseudomans spp.; the nitrogen fixative bacteria Azotobacter chroocoocum and the bacterial isolate NRC211 were evaluated against the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica infecting peanut plants under field conditions. Identification of the bacterial isolate was made through PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S rDNA gene. Results Sequencing of 16S rDNA gene revealed that the bacterial isolate NRC211 had 100% similarity with Bacillus wiedmannii strain FSL W8-0169 16S ribosomal RNA. This Bacillus was recorded for the first time under accession number LC626774 on GenBank data base as B. wiedmannii NRC211. Recorded data revealed that all the tested treatments whether single or combined in soil naturally infested with M. javanica , resulted in variable significant reduction in the nematode reproductive parameters with a considerable increase in crop production and oil content of peanut plant. These results were improved by increasing the frequency of application of the bio-agents. In this respect the repeated combined treatment of A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211 treatment overwhelmed all other treatments in decreasing nematode reproductive parameters with percentage reductions of 94.8, 79.0 and 80.1% in M. javanica juveniles in soil, galls and egg masses, respectively. This was associated with slight increase in peanut oil content than the untreated control. The repeated combined treatment of NPK plus A. chroococcum produced the highest increase 608.7%, and 72.7% in crop production and plant growth parameters, respectively than the control. While, the oil content in this treatment was increased up to 47.4 g/kg. Conclusion It was concluded that B. wiedmanni NRC211 is an eco-friendly bio agent that can be applied with other commercial microbial bio-fertilizers in bio-integrating programs for controlling M. javanica infecting peanut plants.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
NRC211 had 100% sequence similarity to Bacillus wiedmannii FSL W8-0169.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Interactor
- Bacillus wiedmannii strain FSL W8-0169Bacillus wiedmanniie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- similarity with Bacillus wiedmannii strain FSL W8-0169 16S ribosomal RNAe0
- Value
- 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the bacterial isolate NRC211 had 100% similarity with Bacillus wiedmannii strain FSL W8-0169 16S ribosomal RNA.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested treatments significantly reduced nematode reproductive parameters.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- all the tested treatmentse0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- nematode reproductive parameterse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all the tested treatments whether single or combined in soil naturally infested with M. javanica , resulted in variable significant reduction in the nematode reproductive parameters”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested treatments increased crop production and peanut oil content.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- crop production and oil contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a considerable increase in crop production and oil content of peanut plant.”
Claim · model-written summary
More frequent application improved treatment results.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- frequency of application of the bio-agentse0
- Outcome
- These resultse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results were improved by increasing the frequency of application of the bio-agents.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated combined A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211 reduced M. javanica juveniles in soil by 94.8.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- repeated combined treatment of A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211e0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. wiedmannii NRC211Bacillus wiedmanniie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- M. javanica juveniles in soile0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 94.8e0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the repeated combined treatment of A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211 treatment overwhelmed all other treatments in decreasing nematode reproductive parameters with percentage reductions of 94.8, 79.0 and 80.1% in M. javanica juveniles in soil, galls and egg masses, respectively.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated combined A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211 reduced galls by 79.0.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- repeated combined treatment of A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211e0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. wiedmannii NRC211Bacillus wiedmanniie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- gallse0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 79.0e0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the repeated combined treatment of A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211 treatment overwhelmed all other treatments in decreasing nematode reproductive parameters with percentage reductions of 94.8, 79.0 and 80.1% in M. javanica juveniles in soil, galls and egg masses, respectively.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated combined A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211 reduced egg masses by 80.1%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- repeated combined treatment of A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211e0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. wiedmannii NRC211Bacillus wiedmanniie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- egg massese0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Value
- 80.1%e0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the repeated combined treatment of A. chroococcum and B. wiedmannii NRC211 treatment overwhelmed all other treatments in decreasing nematode reproductive parameters with percentage reductions of 94.8, 79.0 and 80.1% in M. javanica juveniles in soil, galls and egg masses, respectively.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
The repeated combined biocontrol treatment slightly increased peanut oil content.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- peanut oil contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was associated with slight increase in peanut oil content than the untreated control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated NPK plus A. chroococcum increased crop production by 608.7%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- repeated combined treatment of NPK plus A. chroococcume0
- Interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume0symbiont
- Outcome
- crop productione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 608.7%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The repeated combined treatment of NPK plus A. chroococcum produced the highest increase 608.7%, and 72.7% in crop production and plant growth parameters, respectively than the control.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated NPK plus A. chroococcum increased plant growth parameters by 72.7%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- repeated combined treatment of NPK plus A. chroococcume0
- Interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant growth parameterse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 72.7%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The repeated combined treatment of NPK plus A. chroococcum produced the highest increase 608.7%, and 72.7% in crop production and plant growth parameters, respectively than the control.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil content under repeated NPK plus A. chroococcum increased to 47.4 g/kg.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- this treatmente0
- Outcome
- oil contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 47.4 g/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the oil content in this treatment was increased up to 47.4 g/kg.”
t0“peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend B. wiedmanni NRC211 with other microbial biofertilizers for nematode control.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Interactor
- M. javanicaMeloidogyne javanicae0pathogen
- Outcome
- applied with other commercial microbial bio-fertilizers in bio-integrating programs for controlling M. javanicae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. wiedmanni NRC211 is an eco-friendly bio agent that can be applied with other commercial microbial bio-fertilizers in bio-integrating programs for controlling M. javanica infecting peanut plants.”
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