Abstract
Abstract Light‐dependent (250 or 500 µmol/m 2 /s, red/far‐red: 15/1; 250 µmol/m 2 /s and red/far‐red: 10/1) adjustment of glutathione metabolism during cold acclimation (5°C, 7 d) was compared in four wheat genotypes (14‐day‐old) differing in freezing tolerance. Only the shoot fresh weight of the two tolerant genotypes increased during cold, regardless of light conditions. Their electrolyte leakage was decreased in high light intensity. Cold greatly increased both the amount of γ‐glutamylcysteine (glutathione precursor) and cysteinylglycine (degradation product) in all genotypes grown in high intensity and far‐red lights, and consequently, the ratio of their oxidised forms exhibited a great decrease. However, cold induced a fivefold increase in the amount of glutathione and hydroxymethylglutathione disulphides only in the two sensitive genotypes grown in far‐red light. In general, the activities of the four enzymes of ascorbate–glutathione cycle were decreased by cold, except for the two tolerant genotypes cultivated in high light intensity. The gene expression studies did not reveal any transcriptional control of the changes observed at metabolite and activity levels. Our results show that both high intensity and far‐red lights are involved in the control of the cold‐induced changes in the amount/activity of the studied antioxidants, and some of these alterations have positive correlation with the level of freezing tolerance.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cold increased shoot fresh weight only in the two tolerant genotypes under all light conditions.
- Taxon
- genotypese0
- Material
- two tolerant genotypese0
- Treatment
- colde0
- Outcome
- shoot fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Only the shoot fresh weight of the two tolerant genotypes increased during cold, regardless of light conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
High light decreased electrolyte leakage in tolerant genotypes.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- high light intensitye0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Their electrolyte leakage was decreased in high light intensity.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold increased γ-glutamylcysteine in every genotype under high-intensity and far-red light.
- Taxon
- genotypese0
- Treatment
- Colde0
- Outcome
- amount of γ‐glutamylcysteinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- high intensity and far‐red lightse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cold greatly increased both the amount of γ‐glutamylcysteine (glutathione precursor) and cysteinylglycine (degradation product) in all genotypes grown in high intensity and far‐red lights”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold increased cysteinylglycine in every genotype under high-intensity and far-red light.
- Taxon
- genotypese0
- Treatment
- Colde0
- Outcome
- cysteinylglycinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- high intensity and far‐red lightse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cold greatly increased both the amount of γ‐glutamylcysteine (glutathione precursor) and cysteinylglycine (degradation product) in all genotypes grown in high intensity and far‐red lights”
Claim · model-written summary
The ratio of oxidised forms of the two metabolites decreased greatly.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- ratio of their oxidised formse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ratio of their oxidised forms exhibited a great decrease.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold increased glutathione disulphides fivefold only in sensitive genotypes under far-red light.
- Taxon
- genotypese0
- Material
- two sensitive genotypese0
- Treatment
- colde0
- Outcome
- glutathione disulphidese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- fivefolde0
- Qualifier
- far‐red lighte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“cold induced a fivefold increase in the amount of glutathione and hydroxymethylglutathione disulphides only in the two sensitive genotypes grown in far‐red light.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold increased hydroxymethylglutathione disulphides fivefold only in sensitive genotypes under far-red light.
- Taxon
- genotypese0
- Material
- two sensitive genotypese0
- Treatment
- colde0
- Outcome
- hydroxymethylglutathione disulphidese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- fivefolde0
- Qualifier
- far‐red lighte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“cold induced a fivefold increase in the amount of glutathione and hydroxymethylglutathione disulphides only in the two sensitive genotypes grown in far‐red light.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold generally decreased activities of four ascorbate–glutathione cycle enzymes, except in tolerant genotypes under high light.
- Taxon
- genotypese0
- Treatment
- colde0
- Outcome
- activities of the four enzymes of ascorbate–glutathione cyclee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- except for the two tolerant genotypes cultivated in high light intensitye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the activities of the four enzymes of ascorbate–glutathione cycle were decreased by cold, except for the two tolerant genotypes cultivated in high light intensity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gene expression analyses found no transcriptional control of the metabolite and enzyme-activity changes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- transcriptional control of the changes observed at metabolite and activity levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gene expression studies did not reveal any transcriptional control of the changes observed at metabolite and activity levels.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Some antioxidant alterations were positively correlated with freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- level of freezing tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- positive correlatione0
Not reportedTreatmentDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some of these alterations have positive correlation with the level of freezing tolerance.”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.