Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a species belonging to the family Fabaceae, is one of the most critical legumes consumed and grown globally. Common bean ranks first among grain legumes in terms of cultivation area and production in the world. However, the bean is recalcitrant, making obtaining this plant via in vitro culture techniques a challenge. Due to changing climatic factors and drought conditions that may happen in the future, it is essential to produce plants that make up human food in vitro conditions. With this goal, the effect of different concentrations of 2,4-D and Kinetin and their possible combinations on callus induction in leaf and stem explants of three-bean genotypes (Bitlis117, Gynk, and nceler) were evaluated. It aimed to determine the best medium that promotes callus formation in different bean genotypes and tissue types. Callogenesis was successfully promoted from leaf and stem explants of all three genotypes tested. The highest callus ratio was obtained from stem explants of Bitlis117 cultured on the MS medium, including 2,4-D (0.5mg L -1 ) and Kinetin (2.0 mg L -1 ).
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Claims 2
Claim · model-written summary
Callogenesis was successfully promoted from leaf and stem explants of all three bean genotypes.
- Taxon
- Common Bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Organ / stage
- leaf and stem explantse2
- Outcome
- Callogenesise2
- Direction
- successfully promotede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e2“Callogenesis was successfully promoted from leaf and stem explants of all three genotypes tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem explants of Bitlis117 on MS medium with 2,4-D and kinetin gave the highest callus ratio.
- Taxon
- Common Bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Material
- Bitlis117e4
- Organ / stage
- stem explantse4
- Treatment
- MS medium, including 2,4-D (0.5mg L -1 ) and Kinetin (2.0 mg L -1 )e4
- Outcome
- callus ratioe4
- Direction
- higheste4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
t0“Common Bean”
e4“The highest callus ratio was obtained from stem explants of Bitlis117 cultured on the MS medium, including 2,4-D (0.5mg L -1 ) and Kinetin (2.0 mg L -1 )”
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.