Abstract
To achieve the nutritional target of human food, boron (B) has been described as an essential mineral in determining seed and theoretical oil yield of Sesamum indicum L. The research to increase its cultivation is garnering attention due to its high oil content, quality and its utilization for various purposes, which include human nutrition as well as its use in the food industry. For this, a two-year field experiment was performed at PAU, Punjab, India to determine the effect of different concentrations of foliar-applied B (20, 30 and 40 mg L−1) and different growth stages of crop, i.e., we measured the effects on agroeconomic indicators and certain quality parameters of sesame using different concentrations of B applied at the flowering and capsule formation stages as compared to using water spray and untreated plants. Water spray did not significantly affect the studied parameters. However, B application significantly increased the yield, uptake, antioxidant activity (AOA) and theoretical oil content (TOC) compared to those of untreated plants. The maximum increase in seed yield (26.75%), B seed and stover uptake (64.08% and 69.25%, respectively) as well as highest AOA (69.41%) and benefit to cost ratio (B:C ratio 2.63) was recorded when B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages. However, the maximum sesame yield and B uptake were recorded when B was applied at a rate of 30 mg L−1. A significant increase in TOC was also recorded with a B application rate of 30 mg L−1. For efficiency indices, the higher values of boron agronomic efficiency (BAE) and boron crop recovery efficiency (BCRE) were recorded when B was applied at 20 mg L−1 (5.25 and 30.56, respectively) and 30 mg L−1 (4.96 and 26.11, respectively) at the flowering and capsule formation stages. In conclusion, application of B @ 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages seemed a viable technique to enhance yield, B uptake and economic returns of sesame.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Water spray did not significantly affect studied sesame parameters.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.
Sesamum indicumt0 - Treatment
- Water spraye0
- Outcome
- studied parameterse0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water spray did not significantly affect the studied parameters”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
e1“water spray and untreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron application significantly increased sesame yield relative to untreated plants.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B applicatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B application significantly increased the yield, uptake, antioxidant activity (AOA) and theoretical oil content (TOC) compared to those of untreated plants”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron application significantly increased sesame boron uptake, antioxidant activity and theoretical oil content.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B applicatione0
- Outcome
- uptake, antioxidant activity (AOA) and theoretical oil content (TOC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B application significantly increased the yield, uptake, antioxidant activity (AOA) and theoretical oil content (TOC) compared to those of untreated plants”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty mg L−1 boron at flowering and capsule formation increased seed yield by 26.75%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stagese0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 26.75%e0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum increase in seed yield (26.75%), B seed and stover uptake (64.08% and 69.25%, respectively) as well as highest AOA (69.41%) and benefit to cost ratio (B:C ratio 2.63) was recorded when B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
e1“compared to those of untreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment increased seed boron uptake by 64.08%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stagese0
- Outcome
- B seed and stover uptakee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 64.08%e0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum increase in seed yield (26.75%), B seed and stover uptake (64.08% and 69.25%, respectively) as well as highest AOA (69.41%) and benefit to cost ratio (B:C ratio 2.63) was recorded when B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
e1“compared to those of untreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment increased stover boron uptake by 69.25%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stagese0
- Outcome
- B seed and stover uptakee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 69.25%e0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum increase in seed yield (26.75%), B seed and stover uptake (64.08% and 69.25%, respectively) as well as highest AOA (69.41%) and benefit to cost ratio (B:C ratio 2.63) was recorded when B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
e1“compared to those of untreated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment produced the highest AOA at 69.41%.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stagese0
- Outcome
- AOAe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 69.41%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum increase in seed yield (26.75%), B seed and stover uptake (64.08% and 69.25%, respectively) as well as highest AOA (69.41%) and benefit to cost ratio (B:C ratio 2.63) was recorded when B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment yielded a benefit-cost ratio of 2.63.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stagese0
- Outcome
- benefit to cost ratioe0
- Value
- 2.63e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit to cost ratio (B:C ratio 2.63) was recorded when B was applied at 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron at 30 mg L−1 gave the maximum sesame yield and boron uptake.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicume0
- Treatment
- B was applied at a rate of 30 mg L−1e0
- Outcome
- sesame yield and B uptakee0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum sesame yield and B uptake were recorded when B was applied at a rate of 30 mg L−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron at 30 mg L−1 significantly increased theoretical oil content.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B application rate of 30 mg L−1e0
- Outcome
- TOCe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant increase in TOC was also recorded with a B application rate of 30 mg L−1”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty mg L−1 boron produced boron agronomic efficiency of 5.25.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B was applied at 20 mg L−1e0
- Outcome
- boron agronomic efficiency (BAE)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.25e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher values of boron agronomic efficiency (BAE) and boron crop recovery efficiency (BCRE) were recorded when B was applied at 20 mg L−1 (5.25 and 30.56, respectively) and 30 mg L−1 (4.96 and 26.11, respectively) at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty mg L−1 boron produced crop recovery efficiency of 30.56.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- B was applied at 20 mg L−1e0
- Outcome
- boron crop recovery efficiency (BCRE)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 30.56e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher values of boron agronomic efficiency (BAE) and boron crop recovery efficiency (BCRE) were recorded when B was applied at 20 mg L−1 (5.25 and 30.56, respectively) and 30 mg L−1 (4.96 and 26.11, respectively) at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty mg L−1 boron produced boron agronomic efficiency of 4.96.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- 30 mg L−1e0
- Outcome
- boron agronomic efficiency (BAE)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.96e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher values of boron agronomic efficiency (BAE) and boron crop recovery efficiency (BCRE) were recorded when B was applied at 20 mg L−1 (5.25 and 30.56, respectively) and 30 mg L−1 (4.96 and 26.11, respectively) at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty mg L−1 boron produced crop recovery efficiency of 26.11.
- Taxon
- Sesamum indicum L.Sesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- 30 mg L−1e0
- Outcome
- boron crop recovery efficiency (BCRE)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 26.11e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher values of boron agronomic efficiency (BAE) and boron crop recovery efficiency (BCRE) were recorded when B was applied at 20 mg L−1 (5.25 and 30.56, respectively) and 30 mg L−1 (4.96 and 26.11, respectively) at the flowering and capsule formation stages”
t0“Sesamum indicum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 30 mg L−1 boron at flowering and capsule formation to improve sesame yield, uptake and returns.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicume0
- Treatment
- B @ 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stagese0
- Outcome
- enhance yield, B uptake and economic returnse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of B @ 30 mg L−1 at the flowering and capsule formation stages seemed a viable technique to enhance yield, B uptake and economic returns of sesame”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · yield · Sesamum indicum (sesame)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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3 papers in the same direction as this paper
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stage · yield · Sesamum indicum (sesame)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 21 papers →stage · quality: phytochemicals · Sesamum indicum (sesame)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.