Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) bacterial wilt (BW) is a devastating disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum that results in severe yield and quality losses. Plant defensins are short cysteine-rich peptides with antimicrobial activity. The role of defensin genes (AhDef) in peanut is unclear. A genome-wide investigation of AhDef genes was undertaken, and 12 identified AhDef genes were classified into two groups containing the gamma-thionin domain formed by four disulfide pairs: Cys1-Cys8, Cys2-Cys5, Cys3-Cys6, and Cys4-Cys7. In silico analysis revealed that AhDef genes showed highly conserved architectural features and contained cis-elements associated with phytohormone signaling and defense responses. A highly resistant cultivar, H108 (R) and a susceptible accession, H107 (S) were tested by R. solanacearum inoculation. H108 (R) showed fewer symptoms than H107 (S) owing to inhibition of bacterial reproduction and spread in the vascular bundles of roots and stems. In a transcriptomic expression profile, AhDef genes, particularly AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2, were up-regulated in H108 (R) compared with H107 (S) under R. solanacearum infection and phytohormone treatment. Subcellular localization showed that the AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2 proteins were both expressed specifically on the plasma membrane. Overexpression of protein fusion AhDef2.2-YFP in Nicotiana benthamiana and peanut leaves increased resistance to R. solanacearum, suggesting its role in response to BW infection. AhDef2.2 may be valuable for peanut resistance breeding.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve AhDef genes were identified in peanut and classified into two groups containing the gamma-thionin domain.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Gene
- AhDefe1
- Outcome
- classified into two groups containing the gamma-thionin domaine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“12 identified AhDef genes were classified into two groups containing the gamma-thionin domain formed by four disulfide pairs”
Claim · model-written summary
AhDef genes showed highly conserved architectural features in silico.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Gene
- AhDefe2
- Outcome
- highly conserved architectural featurese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e2“AhDef genes showed highly conserved architectural features”
Claim · model-written summary
AhDef genes contained cis-elements associated with phytohormone signaling and defense responses.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Gene
- AhDefe3
- Outcome
- cis-elements associated with phytohormone signaling and defense responsese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e3“AhDef genes showed highly conserved architectural features and contained cis-elements associated with phytohormone signaling and defense responses”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistant cultivar H108 (R) showed fewer bacterial wilt symptoms than susceptible accession H107 (S) after Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- H108 (R)e5
- Treatment
- R. solanacearum inoculatione4
- Interactor
- R. solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume4pathogen - Outcome
- symptomse5
- Direction
- fewere5
- Comparator
- H107 (S)e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e4“A highly resistant cultivar, H108 (R) and a susceptible accession, H107 (S) were tested by R. solanacearum inoculation”
e5“H108 (R) showed fewer symptoms than H107 (S)”
Claim · model-written summary
In H108 (R), Ralstonia solanacearum reproduction and spread in the vascular bundles of roots and stems were inhibited.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- H108 (R)e4
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume4pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial reproduction and spread in the vascular bundles of roots and stemse6
- Direction
- inhibitione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e4“A highly resistant cultivar, H108 (R) and a susceptible accession, H107 (S) were tested by R. solanacearum inoculation”
e6“inhibition of bacterial reproduction and spread in the vascular bundles of roots and stems”
Claim · model-written summary
AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2 were up-regulated in H108 (R) compared with H107 (S) under R. solanacearum infection and phytohormone treatment in a transcriptomic expression profile.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Material
- H108 (R)e7
- Treatment
- R. solanacearum infection and phytohormone treatmente7
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume7pathogen
- Gene
- AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2e7
- Outcome
- expressione7
- Direction
- up-regulatede7
- Comparator
- H107 (S)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e7“In a transcriptomic expression profile, AhDef genes, particularly AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2, were up-regulated in H108 (R) compared with H107 (S) under R. solanacearum infection and phytohormone treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2 proteins were localized specifically on the plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Gene
- AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2e1
- Outcome
- Subcellular localizatione1
- Qualifier
- expressed specifically on the plasma membranee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“Subcellular localization showed that the AhDef1.6 and AhDef2.2 proteins were both expressed specifically on the plasma membrane”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AhDef2.2-YFP in Nicotiana benthamiana increased resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae1 - Treatment
- Overexpression of protein fusion AhDef2.2-YFPe1
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume1pathogen
- Gene
- AhDef2.2-YFPe1
- Outcome
- resistancee1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Overexpression of protein fusion AhDef2.2-YFP in Nicotiana benthamiana and peanut leaves increased resistance to R. solanacearum”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AhDef2.2-YFP in peanut leaves increased resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- Overexpression of protein fusion AhDef2.2-YFPe1
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume1pathogen
- Gene
- AhDef2.2-YFPe1
- Outcome
- resistancee1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Overexpression of protein fusion AhDef2.2-YFP in Nicotiana benthamiana and peanut leaves increased resistance to R. solanacearum”
Claim · model-written summary
AhDef2.2 may be valuable for peanut resistance breeding.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Gene
- AhDef2.2e1
- Outcome
- resistance breedinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“AhDef2.2 may be valuable for peanut resistance breeding”
The same questions in other papers
Ralstonia solanacearum · molecular: expression · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
class · molecular: expression · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
infection · molecular: expression · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.