Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that water activated by plasma discharge, termed as plasma-activated water (PAW), can promote plant growth and enhance plant defence responses. Nevertheless, the signalling pathways activated in plants in response to PAW are still largely unknown. In this work, we analysed the potential involvement of calcium as an intracellular messenger in the transduction of PAW by plants. To this aim, Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) seedlings stably expressing the bioluminescent Ca2+ reporter aequorin in the cytosol were challenged with PAW generated by a plasma torch. Ca2+ measurement assays demonstrated the induction by PAW of rapid and sustained cytosolic Ca2+ elevations in Arabidopsis seedlings. The dynamics of the recorded Ca2+ signals were found to depend upon different parameters, such as the operational conditions of the torch, PAW storage, and dilution. The separate administration of nitrate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide at the same doses as those measured in the PAW did not trigger any detectable Ca2+ changes, suggesting that the unique mixture of different reactive chemical species contained in the PAW is responsible for the specific Ca2+ signatures. Unveiling the signalling mechanisms underlying plant perception of PAW may allow to finely tune its generation for applications in agriculture, with potential advantages in the perspective of a more sustainable agriculture.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Plasma-activated water induced rapid and sustained cytosolic Ca2+ elevations in Arabidopsis seedlings.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- PAWe0
- Outcome
- cytosolic Ca2+ elevationse0
- Direction
- elevationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca2+ measurement assays demonstrated the induction by PAW of rapid and sustained cytosolic Ca2+ elevations in Arabidopsis seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
The Ca2+ signal dynamics depended on torch operating conditions, PAW storage and dilution.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- operational conditions of the torch, PAW storage, and dilutione0
- Outcome
- dynamics of the recorded Ca2+ signalse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dynamics of the recorded Ca2+ signals were found to depend upon different parameters, such as the operational conditions of the torch, PAW storage, and dilution.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate alone at its PAW dose did not trigger detectable Ca2+ changes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- nitratee0
- Outcome
- Ca2+ changese0
- Direction
- did not trigger any detectablee0
- Qualifier
- same doses as those measured in the PAWe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The separate administration of nitrate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide at the same doses as those measured in the PAW did not trigger any detectable Ca2+ changes”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrite alone at its PAW dose did not trigger detectable Ca2+ changes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- nitritee0
- Outcome
- Ca2+ changese0
- Direction
- did not trigger any detectablee0
- Qualifier
- same doses as those measured in the PAWe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The separate administration of nitrate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide at the same doses as those measured in the PAW did not trigger any detectable Ca2+ changes”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide alone at its PAW dose did not trigger detectable Ca2+ changes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- hydrogen peroxidee0
- Outcome
- Ca2+ changese0
- Direction
- did not trigger any detectablee0
- Qualifier
- same doses as those measured in the PAWe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The separate administration of nitrate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide at the same doses as those measured in the PAW did not trigger any detectable Ca2+ changes”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest the reactive chemical mixture in PAW produces its specific Ca2+ signatures.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- specific Ca2+ signaturese0
- Qualifier
- unique mixture of different reactive chemical species contained in the PAWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that the unique mixture of different reactive chemical species contained in the PAW is responsible for the specific Ca2+ signatures”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
The same questions in other papers
physical treatment · nutrient: content · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
nitrogen · nutrient: content · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.