Abstract
Apple Valsa canker is one of the most serious diseases, having caused significant apple yield and economic loss in China. However, there is still no effective biological methods for controlling this disease. Our present study focused on the inhibitory activity and mechanisms of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentation on Valsa mali that causes apple Valsa canker (AVC). Our results showed that the T6 fermentation exhibited effective antifungal activity on the mycelial growth and conidia germination of V. mali, causing mycelium malformation and the hyphal disintegrating in comparison to the control. The activity of pathogenically related enzymes that are secreted from V. mali and the expression level of gene of V. mali were significantly inhibited and downregulated by treatment with T6 fermentation. In addition, the lesion area and number of pycnidia of V. mali formed on the branches were significantly reduced after treatment with the T6 fermentation through the pathogenicity test on the detached branches. Our results indicate that the possible mechanism of T6 fermentation against V. mali occurs through inhibiting its growth and reproduction, the pathogenic enzyme activity, and its related gene expression.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
T6 fermentation inhibited V. mali mycelial growth and conidia germination relative to control.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae1 - Treatment
- T6 fermentatione0
- Interactor
- V. maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6)Trichoderma longibrachiatume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelial growth and conidia germination of V. malie0
- Direction
- antifungal activitye0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results showed that the T6 fermentation exhibited effective antifungal activity on the mycelial growth and conidia germination of V. mali, causing mycelium malformation and the hyphal disintegrating in comparison to the control”
e1“apple Valsa canker (AVC)”
e2“Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentation”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 fermentation caused V. mali mycelial malformation and hyphal disintegration.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentatione2
- Interactor
- Valsa maliCytospora malie2pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6)Trichoderma longibrachiatume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelium malformation and the hyphal disintegratinge0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“causing mycelium malformation and the hyphal disintegrating in comparison to the control”
e1“apple Valsa canker (AVC)”
e2“Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentation on Valsa mali”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 fermentation significantly inhibited activity of pathogenicity-related enzymes secreted by V. mali.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- T6 fermentatione0
- Interactor
- V. maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6)Trichoderma longibrachiatume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- activity of pathogenically related enzymes that are secreted from V. malie0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of pathogenically related enzymes that are secreted from V. mali and the expression level of gene of V. mali were significantly inhibited and downregulated by treatment with T6 fermentation”
e1“apple Valsa canker (AVC)”
e2“Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentation”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 fermentation significantly downregulated V. mali gene expression.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- T6 fermentatione0
- Interactor
- V. maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6)Trichoderma longibrachiatume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- expression level of gene of V. malie0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression level of gene of V. mali were significantly inhibited and downregulated by treatment with T6 fermentation”
e1“apple Valsa canker (AVC)”
e2“Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentation”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 fermentation significantly reduced lesion area on detached apple branches.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Organ / stage
- detached branchese0
- Treatment
- T6 fermentatione0
- Interactor
- V. maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6)Trichoderma longibrachiatume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- lesion areae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lesion area and number of pycnidia of V. mali formed on the branches were significantly reduced after treatment with the T6 fermentation through the pathogenicity test on the detached branches”
e1“apple Valsa canker (AVC)”
e2“Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentation”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 fermentation significantly reduced V. mali pycnidia on detached apple branches.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Organ / stage
- detached branchese0
- Treatment
- T6 fermentatione0
- Interactor
- V. maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6)Trichoderma longibrachiatume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of pycnidia of V. malie0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lesion area and number of pycnidia of V. mali formed on the branches were significantly reduced after treatment with the T6 fermentation through the pathogenicity test on the detached branches”
e1“apple Valsa canker (AVC)”
e2“Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T6) fermentation”
The same questions in other papers
processing · Cytospora mali · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.