Abstract
The integration of photovoltaic into a greenhouse has been implemented to maximize the energy output and crop production yield from the same land space. The effect of greenhouse external shading of opaque crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) panels at 13–26% of the roof area on the microclimate and growth of Chili pepper Capsicum annuum cv. (omega) was investigated. The PV panels were divided into two arrays (each of 4 PVs) and fixed separately on two external pillars of 4 m height in the Southeast and Northwest directions, respectively. Each array of 4 PVs could be tracked from the East-West direction to North-South. There were two greenhouses, one was used as control without shading and the other had the external shading. The results revealed that the external shading of PV slightly decreased air temperatures (1–2 °C) and light intensities (25–40%) but had no effect on the dew point temperatures and relative humidity as compared to the control (unshaded greenhouse). Furthermore, the yield and growth of Chili pepper in the shaded greenhouse was insignificantly higher than that in the unshaded greenhouse. Moreover, the simulation results revealed that the estimated electric energy of photovoltaic panels was 3705 kWh/year at a tilt angle of 25° facing South.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
External PV shading decreased air temperature by 1–2 °C compared with the unshaded greenhouse.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuume2 - Material
- cv. (omega)e2
- Treatment
- external shading of PVe0
- Outcome
- air temperaturese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 1–2 °Ce0
- Comparator
- control (unshaded greenhouse)e1
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the external shading of PV slightly decreased air temperatures (1–2 °C) and light intensities (25–40%)”
e1“as compared to the control (unshaded greenhouse)”
e2“on the microclimate and growth of Chili pepper Capsicum annuum cv. (omega) was investigated”
Claim · model-written summary
External PV shading decreased light intensity by 25–40% compared with the unshaded greenhouse.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuumCapsicum annuume2
- Material
- cv. (omega)e2
- Treatment
- external shading of PVe0
- Outcome
- light intensitiese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 25–40%e0
- Comparator
- control (unshaded greenhouse)e1
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the external shading of PV slightly decreased air temperatures (1–2 °C) and light intensities (25–40%)”
e1“as compared to the control (unshaded greenhouse)”
e2“on the microclimate and growth of Chili pepper Capsicum annuum cv. (omega) was investigated”
Claim · model-written summary
External PV shading had no effect on dew point temperature or relative humidity compared with the unshaded greenhouse.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuumCapsicum annuume2
- Material
- cv. (omega)e2
- Treatment
- external shading of PVe0
- Outcome
- dew point temperatures and relative humiditye3
- Direction
- had no effecte3
- Comparator
- control (unshaded greenhouse)e1
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the external shading of PV slightly decreased air temperatures (1–2 °C) and light intensities (25–40%)”
e1“as compared to the control (unshaded greenhouse)”
e2“on the microclimate and growth of Chili pepper Capsicum annuum cv. (omega) was investigated”
e3“but had no effect on the dew point temperatures and relative humidity”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and growth of chili pepper were insignificantly higher in the shaded greenhouse than in the unshaded greenhouse.
- Treatment
- shaded greenhousee0
- Outcome
- yield and growthe0
- Direction
- insignificantly highere0
- Comparator
- unshaded greenhousee0
CapsicumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield and growth of Chili pepper in the shaded greenhouse was insignificantly higher than that in the unshaded greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated electric energy of the photovoltaic panels was 3705 kWh/year at a 25° tilt facing South.
- Taxon
- Capsicum annuumCapsicum annuume1
- Outcome
- estimated electric energy of photovoltaic panelse0
- Value
- 3705 kWh/yeare0
- Qualifier
- at a tilt angle of 25° facing Southe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the estimated electric energy of photovoltaic panels was 3705 kWh/year at a tilt angle of 25° facing South”
e1“on the microclimate and growth of Chili pepper Capsicum annuum cv. (omega) was investigated”
The same questions in other papers
shade · yield · Capsicum (peppers)Results differ
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- positive
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.