Abstract
The present study was carried out at the Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.) to understand the effect of potassium with other fertilizers on nitrate accumulation, growth and quality of the leaves. Potassium application along with other fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) and Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), but decreased nitrate content. Effect of 2:1 ratio of N and K was found statistically at par with 1:1 ratio of N and K. Fertilizer treatments without potassium had lower level of NRA and higher nitrate content in the leaves as compared to other applications. Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, CCI and NRA, whereas it decreases nitrate content. As higher NRA and lower nitrate content was recorded in treatments with potassium, application of K is desirable to reduce health hazards related with nitrate toxicity. Based on the results of the study, application of 1:1 ratio of N and K fertilizer and FYM is recommended. Keywords: Spinach beet, potassium, nitrate toxicity, nitrate reductase, manure; fertilizers, NPK.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium with other fertilizers increased leaf area.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)
Beta vulgarist0 - Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Potassium application along with other fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Potassium application along with other fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) and Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), but decreased nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium with other fertilizers increased per cent dry weight.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Potassium application along with other fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- per cent dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Potassium application along with other fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) and Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), but decreased nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium with other fertilizers increased Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI).
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Potassium application along with other fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Potassium application along with other fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) and Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), but decreased nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium with other fertilizers increased Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA).
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Potassium application along with other fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Potassium application along with other fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) and Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), but decreased nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium with other fertilizers decreased nitrate content.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Potassium application along with other fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Potassium application along with other fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) and Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA), but decreased nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2:1 N to K ratio was statistically at par with the 1:1 ratio.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- 2:1 ratio of N and Ke0
- Outcome
- Effecte0
- Direction
- at pare0
- Comparator
- 1:1 ratio of N and Ke0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Effect of 2:1 ratio of N and K was found statistically at par with 1:1 ratio of N and K”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments without potassium had lower NRA than other applications.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Fertilizer treatments without potassiume0
- Outcome
- NRAe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- other applicationse0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Fertilizer treatments without potassium had lower level of NRA and higher nitrate content in the leaves as compared to other applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments without potassium had higher leaf nitrate content than other applications.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Fertilizer treatments without potassiume0
- Outcome
- nitrate content in the leavese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other applicationse0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Fertilizer treatments without potassium had lower level of NRA and higher nitrate content in the leaves as compared to other applications”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM with NPK fertilizers increased leaf area.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, CCI and NRA, whereas it decreases nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM with NPK fertilizers increased per cent dry weight.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- per cent dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, CCI and NRA, whereas it decreases nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM with NPK fertilizers increased CCI.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- CCIe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, CCI and NRA, whereas it decreases nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM with NPK fertilizers increased NRA.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- NRAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, CCI and NRA, whereas it decreases nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM with NPK fertilizers decreased nitrate content.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Material
- Pusa Bhartie1
- Treatment
- Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Setting
- Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhie1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e1“Herbal Garden of Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on Pusa Bharti variety of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“Application of FYM along with NPK fertilizers increased leaf area, per cent dry weight, CCI and NRA, whereas it decreases nitrate content”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend K application to reduce hazards related to nitrate toxicity.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Treatment
- application of Ke0
- Outcome
- reduce health hazards related with nitrate toxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“application of K is desirable to reduce health hazards related with nitrate toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a 1:1 N to K fertilizer ratio with FYM.
- Taxon
- spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)Beta vulgarist0
- Outcome
- application of 1:1 ratio of N and K fertilizer and FYMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“spinach beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.)”
e0“application of 1:1 ratio of N and K fertilizer and FYM is recommended”
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