Abstract
Gamma-radiation effects on Taiwan-produced rice-grains have been investigated and discussed to find an advantageous application of radiation processing on the preservation of rice-grains. This paper deals with the results obtained from the three major kinds of rice-grains which were gamma-irradiated and stored. The factors of contaminated microorganisms on the rice-grains, chemical analysis of rice-ingredients, activity of α-amylase in the rice-grains, germination-rate of the rice-grains, rice-insect fertility and cooking quality of the hulled rice were studied. Among them, the following factors were considered as the main results. 1. Gamma-irradiation could reduce the contaminated microorganisms remarkably as the gamma-dose was raised over 100 krad, e.g., reduction of the survivals of microorganisms to 19.62 ~ 39.76% with 100 krad, to 5.41 ~ 9.09% with 300 krad, to 0.58 ~ 0.81% with 1 Mrad during the twelve months storage period. 2. Some fluctuations on the fat acidity and the contents of reducing sugars and thiamine in the irradiated rice-grains were observed in the period of twelve months preservation at 20 ~ 30°C. 3. The germination of rice-grains was reduced considerably with the irradiated samples exposed to a gamma-dose over 50 krad. 4. No deleterious effects on rice-insect fertility on the irradiated rice-grains with a 50 krad gamma-dose occurred during the twenty-four months storage period, unlike those of the unirradiated ones and the irradiated ones with gamma-doses below 30 krad. 5. No significant changes were found on the cooking quality of the hulled rices irradiated below a gamma-dose of 300 krad and stored for twenty-four months at 20 ~ 30°C.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiation at 100 krad reduced microorganisms surviving on stored rice grains to 19.62 ~ 39.76%.
- Taxon
- Rice-grains
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- 100 krade0
- Outcome
- survivals of microorganismse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 19.62 ~ 39.76%e0
- Qualifier
- twelve months storage periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction of the survivals of microorganisms to 19.62 ~ 39.76% with 100 krad, to 5.41 ~ 9.09% with 300 krad, to 0.58 ~ 0.81% with 1 Mrad during the twelve months storage period”
t0“Rice-grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiation at 300 krad reduced microorganisms surviving on stored rice grains to 5.41 ~ 9.09%.
- Taxon
- Rice-grainsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 300 krade0
- Outcome
- survivals of microorganismse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 5.41 ~ 9.09%e0
- Qualifier
- twelve months storage periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction of the survivals of microorganisms to 19.62 ~ 39.76% with 100 krad, to 5.41 ~ 9.09% with 300 krad, to 0.58 ~ 0.81% with 1 Mrad during the twelve months storage period”
t0“Rice-grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiation at 1 Mrad reduced microorganisms surviving on stored rice grains to 0.58 ~ 0.81%.
- Taxon
- Rice-grainsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 1 Mrade0
- Outcome
- survivals of microorganismse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 0.58 ~ 0.81%e0
- Qualifier
- twelve months storage periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction of the survivals of microorganisms to 19.62 ~ 39.76% with 100 krad, to 5.41 ~ 9.09% with 300 krad, to 0.58 ~ 0.81% with 1 Mrad during the twelve months storage period”
t0“Rice-grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Fat acidity and reducing sugar and thiamine contents fluctuated during storage of irradiated rice grains.
- Taxon
- rice-grainsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- irradiatede0
- Outcome
- fat acidity and the contents of reducing sugars and thiaminee0
- Qualifier
- twelve months preservation at 20 ~ 30°Ce0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some fluctuations on the fat acidity and the contents of reducing sugars and thiamine in the irradiated rice-grains were observed in the period of twelve months preservation at 20 ~ 30°C”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation above 50 krad considerably reduced rice grain germination.
- Taxon
- rice-grainsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- gamma-dose over 50 krade0
- Outcome
- germination of rice-grainse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The germination of rice-grains was reduced considerably with the irradiated samples exposed to a gamma-dose over 50 krad”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice insect fertility showed no deleterious effect after 50 krad irradiation during 24 months of storage, unlike untreated or lower-dose grains.
- Taxon
- rice-grainsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 50 krad gamma-dosee0
- Interactor
- rice-insecte0pest
- Outcome
- rice-insect fertilitye0
- Direction
- No deleterious effectse0
- Qualifier
- twenty-four months storage periode0
- Comparator
- unirradiated ones and the irradiated ones with gamma-doses below 30 krade0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No deleterious effects on rice-insect fertility on the irradiated rice-grains with a 50 krad gamma-dose occurred during the twenty-four months storage period, unlike those of the unirradiated ones and the irradiated ones with gamma-doses below 30 krad”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation below 300 krad did not significantly change the cooking quality of hulled rice after storage.
- Taxon
- ricesOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- irradiated below a gamma-dose of 300 krade0
- Outcome
- cooking qualitye0
- Direction
- No significant changese0
- Qualifier
- twenty-four months at 20 ~ 30°Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant changes were found on the cooking quality of the hulled rices irradiated below a gamma-dose of 300 krad and stored for twenty-four months at 20 ~ 30°C”
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