Abstract
(1) For the study of the radiosensitivity of pollen grains of higher plants, the following four species were used: Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri.(2) Pollen grains from all four species germinated normally and the pollen tube growth was as good as that of the controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation. At 2×105r to 4×105r irradiation, the pollen germination percentage was significantly decreased and most of the grains failed to germinate at 5×105r exposure.(3) It could be noted that dusting with irradiated pollen grains of L. pimpinellifolium showed a gradual decrease in the percentage of fruits produced according to the increase of X-ray dosage, ranging from 2.4×104r to 2×105r. At the dosage of 1.5× 105r no fruit developed, although pollen germination and pollen tube growth were as good as in the controls. Fruits developed following hand pollination with irradiated pollen grains were very small and contained a few or no mature seeds, while the controls had 21 seeds per fruit.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis pollen germinated normally and tube growth matched controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation.
- Taxon
- Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis
Narcissus tazetta subsp. chinensise0 - Treatment
- 1×105r X-ray irradiatione1
- Outcome
- Pollen grains from all four species germinated normally and the pollen tube growth was as goode1
- Direction
- as good ase1
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“Pollen grains from all four species germinated normally and the pollen tube growth was as good as that of the controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis pollen germination decreased significantly at 2×105r to 4×105r.
- Taxon
- Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensisNarcissus tazetta subsp. chinensise0
- Treatment
- 2×105r to 4×105r irradiatione1
- Outcome
- pollen germination percentagee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“At 2×105r to 4×105r irradiation, the pollen germination percentage was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis pollen mostly failed to germinate at 5×105r.
- Taxon
- Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensisNarcissus tazetta subsp. chinensise0
- Treatment
- 5×105r exposuree1
- Outcome
- most of the grains failed to germinatee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“most of the grains failed to germinate at 5×105r exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Eriobotrya japonica pollen germinated normally and tube growth matched controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation.
- Taxon
- Eriobotrya japonica
Eriobotrya japonicae0 - Treatment
- 1×105r X-ray irradiatione1
- Outcome
- Pollen grains from all four species germinated normally and the pollen tube growth was as goode1
- Direction
- as good ase1
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“Pollen grains from all four species germinated normally and the pollen tube growth was as good as that of the controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Eriobotrya japonica pollen germination decreased significantly at 2×105r to 4×105r.
- Taxon
- Eriobotrya japonicaEriobotrya japonicae0
- Treatment
- 2×105r to 4×105r irradiatione1
- Outcome
- pollen germination percentagee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“At 2×105r to 4×105r irradiation, the pollen germination percentage was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Eriobotrya japonica pollen mostly failed to germinate at 5×105r.
- Taxon
- Eriobotrya japonicaEriobotrya japonicae0
- Treatment
- 5×105r exposuree1
- Outcome
- most of the grains failed to germinatee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“most of the grains failed to germinate at 5×105r exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium pollen germinated normally and tube growth matched controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“Pollen grains from all four species germinated normally and the pollen tube growth was as good as that of the controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium pollen germination decreased significantly at 2×105r to 4×105r.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicum pimpinellifoliume0
- Treatment
- 2×105r to 4×105r irradiatione1
- Outcome
- pollen germination percentagee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“At 2×105r to 4×105r irradiation, the pollen germination percentage was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium pollen mostly failed to germinate at 5×105r.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicum pimpinellifoliume0
- Treatment
- 5×105r exposuree1
- Outcome
- most of the grains failed to germinatee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“most of the grains failed to germinate at 5×105r exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Torenia Founieri pollen germinated normally and tube growth matched controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation.
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“Pollen grains from all four species germinated normally and the pollen tube growth was as good as that of the controls at 1×105r X-ray irradiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Torenia Founieri pollen germination decreased significantly at 2×105r to 4×105r.
- Taxon
- Torenia Founierie0
- Treatment
- 2×105r to 4×105r irradiatione1
- Outcome
- pollen germination percentagee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“At 2×105r to 4×105r irradiation, the pollen germination percentage was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Torenia Founieri pollen mostly failed to germinate at 5×105r.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Narcissus Tazetta var. chinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium and Torenia Founieri”
e1“most of the grains failed to germinate at 5×105r exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiated L. pimpinellifolium pollen produced a decreasing percentage of fruits as X-ray dose increased.
Verbatim
e0“irradiated pollen grains of L. pimpinellifolium showed a gradual decrease in the percentage of fruits produced according to the increase of X-ray dosage, ranging from 2.4×104r to 2×105r”
Claim · model-written summary
No fruit developed after pollen irradiation at 1.5× 105r despite normal pollen germination and tube growth.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- 1.5× 105re0
- Outcome
- no fruit developede0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“At the dosage of 1.5× 105r no fruit developed, although pollen germination and pollen tube growth were as good as in the controls”
t0“Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit produced after pollination with irradiated pollen was very small.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fruits developed following hand pollination with irradiated pollen grains were very small”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit produced after pollination with irradiated pollen had few or no mature seeds, against 21 seeds per control fruit.
Not reportedTaxonTreatment
Verbatim
e0“contained a few or no mature seeds, while the controls had 21 seeds per fruit”
The same questions in other papers
radiation · growth · Narcissus tazettaPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
radiation · growth · Eriobotrya japonica (loquat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.