Abstract
Seeds of 5 rose species, Rosa multiflora Thunb. ‘Cathayensis,’ R. × reversa Waldst. & Kit., R. setigera Michx. ‘Beltsville,’ R. setigera Michx. ‘Serena,’ and R. wichuraiana Crepin, varied in after-ripening requirement from 30 days at 4.4 C for R. multiflora to 90 days for R. setigera ‘Serena.’ The compensating temperature varied from near 12.8 C for R. × reversa to a value near 29.4 C for R. setigera ‘Beltsville.’ In this report compensating temperature is used to describe that temperature at which mature, moist seed does not germinate, after-ripening does not take place, and dormancy does not change. Seed germination was reduced by interruption of the after-ripening period with intervals at temperatures above the compensating temperature. The interruptions were more effective in reducing germination when more frequent and when the temperature during the interval was higher. Species differed in their sensitivity to high-temperature reduction of germination. Those having the longest after-ripening requirement were most sensitive. Germination of seeds which had the minimum after-ripening treatment was repressed more by high temperature than germination of those seeds which had an excess of after-ripening. The decrease in germination resulted from imposition of a secondary dormancy of the embryo, and probably also from reversal of the after-ripening effect upon the primary dormancy imposed by the seed coat.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
After-ripening requirement ranged from 30 days at 4.4 C (R. multiflora) to 90 days (R. setigera Serena).
RosaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of the Interaction of Temperature with After-Ripening Requirement and Compensating Temperature on Germination of Seed of Five Species of Rosa”
e1“varied in after-ripening requirement from 30 days at 4.4 C for R. multiflora to 90 days for R. setigera ‘Serena.’”
Claim · model-written summary
Compensating temperature ranged from about 12.8 C to 29.4 C among the Rosa species.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of the Interaction of Temperature with After-Ripening Requirement and Compensating Temperature on Germination of Seed of Five Species of Rosa”
e2“The compensating temperature varied from near 12.8 C for R. × reversa to a value near 29.4 C for R. setigera ‘Beltsville.’”
Claim · model-written summary
Interrupting after-ripening with intervals above the compensating temperature reduced seed germination.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of the Interaction of Temperature with After-Ripening Requirement and Compensating Temperature on Germination of Seed of Five Species of Rosa”
e3“Seed germination was reduced by interruption of the after-ripening period with intervals at temperatures above the compensating temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Interruptions were more effective in reducing germination when more frequent and at higher temperature.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of the Interaction of Temperature with After-Ripening Requirement and Compensating Temperature on Germination of Seed of Five Species of Rosa”
e4“The interruptions were more effective in reducing germination when more frequent and when the temperature during the interval was higher”
Claim · model-written summary
Species with the longest after-ripening requirement were the most sensitive to high-temperature reduction of germination.
- Treatment
- high-temperaturee5
- Outcome
- sensitivity to high-temperature reduction of germinatione5
- Direction
- most sensitivee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of the Interaction of Temperature with After-Ripening Requirement and Compensating Temperature on Germination of Seed of Five Species of Rosa”
e5“Species differed in their sensitivity to high-temperature reduction of germination. Those having the longest after-ripening requirement were most sensitive”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds with minimal after-ripening were repressed more by high temperature than seeds with an excess of after-ripening.
- Treatment
- high temperaturee6
- Outcome
- Germinatione6
- Direction
- repressed moree6
- Comparator
- seeds which had an excess of after-ripeninge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of the Interaction of Temperature with After-Ripening Requirement and Compensating Temperature on Germination of Seed of Five Species of Rosa”
e6“Germination of seeds which had the minimum after-ripening treatment was repressed more by high temperature than germination of those seeds which had an excess of after-ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
The decrease in germination resulted from a secondary dormancy of the embryo.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“The Effect of the Interaction of Temperature with After-Ripening Requirement and Compensating Temperature on Germination of Seed of Five Species of Rosa”
e7“The decrease in germination resulted from imposition of a secondary dormancy of the embryo”
The same questions in other papers
heat · growth · RosaPositive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.