Abstract
SUMMARY Aseptic cultures of Paxillus involutus Fr. and clones of Betula pendula Roth, and B. pubescens Ehrh. were used in experiments, involving X‐ray microanalysis and split‐plate culture, to investigate the mechanism of ectomycorrhizal amelioration of zinc toxicity to Betula. Results imply that as the fungal mycelium colonizes fresh soil, zinc is adsorbed to the surface of hyphae, thereby lowering the concentration of zinc in the soil solution surrounding roots. In consequence, less zinc is taken up, and growth is better than in the non‐mycorrhizal condition. The results also show that the metal may be adsorbed to electronegative sites in the hyphal cell walls and extra‐hyphal, polysaccharide slime. The possible dual role of this slime in fungus/Betula compatibility and the amelioration mechanism is discussed.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc adsorbs to fungal hyphae during soil colonization.
- Interactor
- Paxillus involutus
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Paxillus involutuse0symbiont - Outcome
- zinc is adsorbed to the surface of hyphaee0
- Qualifier
- as the fungal mycelium colonizes fresh soile0
BetulaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“ZINC TOLERANCE IN BETULA SPP.”
e0“Aseptic cultures of Paxillus involutus Fr. and clones of Betula pendula Roth, and B. pubescens Ehrh. were used in experiments, involving X‐ray microanalysis and split‐plate culture, to investigate the mechanism of ectomycorrhizal amelioration of zinc toxicity to Betula. Results imply that as the fungal mycelium colonizes fresh soil, zinc is adsorbed to the surface of hyphae”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal zinc adsorption lowers zinc concentration around Betula roots.
- Outcome
- concentration of zinc in the soil solution surrounding rootse0
- Direction
- loweringe0
- Qualifier
- zinc is adsorbed to the surface of hyphaee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ZINC TOLERANCE IN BETULA SPP.”
e0“zinc is adsorbed to the surface of hyphae, thereby lowering the concentration of zinc in the soil solution surrounding roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal Betula takes up less zinc than nonmycorrhizal Betula.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ZINC TOLERANCE IN BETULA SPP.”
e0“In consequence, less zinc is taken up, and growth is better than in the non‐mycorrhizal condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal Betula grows better than nonmycorrhizal Betula.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“ZINC TOLERANCE IN BETULA SPP.”
e0“In consequence, less zinc is taken up, and growth is better than in the non‐mycorrhizal condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc may adsorb to electronegative sites in hyphal walls and extracellular slime.
Verbatim
t0“ZINC TOLERANCE IN BETULA SPP.”
e0“the metal may be adsorbed to electronegative sites in the hyphal cell walls and extra‐hyphal, polysaccharide slime”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · growth · Betula (birches)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.