Abstract
This study was carried out in the experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to investigate the possibility of replacing nitrogen fertilization of Balady mandarin orchards by humic acid or seaweed extract during 2014, 2015 and 2016 seasons. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications per treatment, one tree each. Mineral nitrogen fertilization was splitted into three equal batches and added in March, May and August, while liquid nitrogen as organic form was added once in March. Seaweed extract spraying and humic acid as soil dressing were applied three times on mid of March, June and August. The obtained results could be summarized as follow: Using recommended nitrogen dose (RND) via liquid organic-N, as well as a combination of inorganic or organic plus humic acid or seaweed significantly increased the growth traits as well as N, P, K and total chlorophyll of leaves compared to the use of RND via mineral-N (check treatment). The maximum values of these traits were recorded on trees that fertilized with the triple form (33% mineral and 33 g humic acid plus 33% seaweed). No significant differences due to fertilize via triple form using either organic or mineral form, as well as via double form using either humic acid or seaweed extract. Fertilization via either double or triple forms could achieve a beneficial improvement to the nutrient status and C/N ratio of trees since it increased the yield/tree compared to the use of RND via mineral-N only. Using double or triple forms improved the fruit quality in terms of increasing fruit weight, pulp percentage, total soluble solids, sugar and vitamin C contents and decreasing the total acidity compared to the use of RND via mineral-N source only. The best fruit quality was recorded due to triple forms. It is evident from the foregoing results that replacing 25 to 66% of nitrogen fertilization by humic acid or/and seaweed extract improved the tree nutrient status, yield and fruit quality. In addition, it minimized the production costs and environmental pollution which could be occurred by excess of chemical fertilizers. Theremore, the growers are able to produce organic farming products.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Organic nitrogen or combined mineral or organic nitrogen with humic acid or seaweed increased tree growth traits compared with mineral nitrogen alone.
Verbatim
e0“Using recommended nitrogen dose (RND) via liquid organic-N, as well as a combination of inorganic or organic plus humic acid or seaweed significantly increased the growth traits as well as N, P, K and total chlorophyll of leaves compared to the use of RND via mineral-N (check treatment)”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
The alternative fertilization treatments increased leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll compared with mineral nitrogen alone.
Verbatim
e0“Using recommended nitrogen dose (RND) via liquid organic-N, as well as a combination of inorganic or organic plus humic acid or seaweed significantly increased the growth traits as well as N, P, K and total chlorophyll of leaves compared to the use of RND via mineral-N (check treatment)”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Triple-form fertilization gave the maximum growth and leaf nutrient and chlorophyll values.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum values of these traits were recorded on trees that fertilized with the triple form (33% mineral and 33 g humic acid plus 33% seaweed)”
e1“growth traits as well as N, P, K and total chlorophyll of leaves”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and mineral versions of triple and double forms showed no significant differences.
Verbatim
e0“No significant differences due to fertilize via triple form using either organic or mineral form, as well as via double form using either humic acid or seaweed extract”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Double or triple fertilization improved tree nutrient status and C/N ratio.
- Taxon
- Balady Mandarint0
- Treatment
- double or triple formse0
- Outcome
- nutrient status and C/N ratio of treese0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fertilization via either double or triple forms could achieve a beneficial improvement to the nutrient status and C/N ratio of trees”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Double or triple fertilization increased yield per tree relative to mineral nitrogen alone.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the yield/tree compared to the use of RND via mineral-N only”
e1“Fertilization via either double or triple forms”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Double or triple forms increased mandarin fruit weight and pulp percentage relative to mineral nitrogen alone.
Verbatim
e0“Using double or triple forms improved the fruit quality in terms of increasing fruit weight, pulp percentage, total soluble solids, sugar and vitamin C contents and decreasing the total acidity compared to the use of RND via mineral-N source only”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Double or triple forms increased soluble solids, sugar and vitamin C in fruit relative to mineral nitrogen alone.
Verbatim
e0“Using double or triple forms improved the fruit quality in terms of increasing fruit weight, pulp percentage, total soluble solids, sugar and vitamin C contents and decreasing the total acidity compared to the use of RND via mineral-N source only”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Double or triple forms decreased fruit acidity relative to mineral nitrogen alone.
Verbatim
e0“Using double or triple forms improved the fruit quality in terms of increasing fruit weight, pulp percentage, total soluble solids, sugar and vitamin C contents and decreasing the total acidity compared to the use of RND via mineral-N source only”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Triple fertilization forms gave the best fruit quality.
Verbatim
e0“The best fruit quality was recorded due to triple forms”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
Replacing 25 to 66% of nitrogen fertilization with humic acid or seaweed extract improved tree nutrient status, yield and fruit quality.
Verbatim
e0“replacing 25 to 66% of nitrogen fertilization by humic acid or/and seaweed extract improved the tree nutrient status, yield and fruit quality”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors assert partial nitrogen replacement minimized production costs and environmental pollution.
Verbatim
e0“it minimized the production costs and environmental pollution which could be occurred by excess of chemical fertilizers”
e1“replacing 25 to 66% of nitrogen fertilization by humic acid or/and seaweed extract”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors say the fertilization approach lets growers produce organic farming products.
Verbatim
e0“the growers are able to produce organic farming products”
t0“Balady Mandarin Orchards”