Abstract
Bread wheat is the most important cereal food grain crops in the world which can be grown under diverse agro ecology. However, its productivity has been limited due to various abiotic and biotic factors including weeds. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of post emergence broad leaf herbicides application on weed management and productivity of wheat. Four types of herbicides 2,4-D1lt ha -1 ,Pyroxulam 0.5lt ha -1 , Florasulam 100ml ha -1 and Florasulam + Amirpyrolid 33gm ha -1 along with weedy check that were laid out in Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications. A total of identified 12 weed species were recorded 86 % broad and 14 % grass weeds. Relative weed density also indicated that the field was highly infested by Galinsoga pulviflora Cav. but the lowest infestation of Guizotia scabra(Vis) Chiov was recorded in the field. Results also revealed that significant effects of post emergence herbicides application on some traits studied but there is no significant difference among tested herbicides on plant height, stand count, spike length, number of seeds per spike and thousand grain weights except for weedy checks. The minimum dry biomass weeds (111.00 kg ha -1 ) and the highest weed control efficiency (79.63%) were recorded from the Pyroxulam. The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m - ),stand count(413.00m - ),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha -1 ) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha -1 ) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check. Therefore, it can be concluded that Florasulam + Aminopyrolid effectively managed weeds and gave maximum yield which could be recommended for the test environment.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The wheat field contained twelve weed species, 86% broadleaf and 14% grass weeds.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- weed speciese0weed
- Outcome
- weed speciese0
- Value
- 12 weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A total of identified 12 weed species were recorded 86 % broad and 14 % grass weeds.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Galinsoga pulviflora had the highest relative weed density.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Galinsoga pulviflora Cav.e0weed
- Outcome
- Relative weed densitye0
- Direction
- highly infestede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative weed density also indicated that the field was highly infested by Galinsoga pulviflora Cav.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Guizotia scabra had the lowest weed infestation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Guizotia scabra(Vis) Chiov
.jpg?width=60)
Guizotia scabrae0weedt1 - Outcome
- infestation of Guizotia scabra(Vis) Chiove0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the lowest infestation of Guizotia scabra(Vis) Chiov was recorded in the field”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Weed”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested herbicides did not differ significantly in plant height, stand count, spike length, seeds per spike or thousand grain weight, apart from weedy checks.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tested herbicidese0
- Outcome
- plant height, stand count, spike lengthe0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Qualifier
- number of seeds per spike and thousand grain weightse0
- Comparator
- weedy checkse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there is no significant difference among tested herbicides on plant height, stand count, spike length, number of seeds per spike and thousand grain weights except for weedy checks”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyroxulam gave the minimum dry weed biomass of 111.00 kg ha -1.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pyroxulame0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- dry biomass weedse0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 111.00 kg ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum dry biomass weeds (111.00 kg ha -1 ) and the highest weed control efficiency (79.63%) were recorded from the Pyroxulam.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyroxulam gave the highest weed control efficiency of 79.63%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pyroxulame0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 79.63%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The minimum dry biomass weeds (111.00 kg ha -1 ) and the highest weed control efficiency (79.63%) were recorded from the Pyroxulam.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Florasulam plus Aminopyrolid produced the most productive tillers, 131.66m -.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florasulam + Aminopyrolide0
- Outcome
- number of productive tillerse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 131.66m -e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m - ),stand count(413.00m - ),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha -1 ) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha -1 ) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Florasulam plus Aminopyrolid produced the highest stand count, 413.00m -.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florasulam + Aminopyrolide0
- Outcome
- stand counte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 413.00m -e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m - ),stand count(413.00m - ),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha -1 ) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha -1 ) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Florasulam plus Aminopyrolid produced the most seeds per spike, 71.58.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florasulam + Aminopyrolide0
- Outcome
- seeds per spikee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 71.58e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m - ),stand count(413.00m - ),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha -1 ) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha -1 ) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Florasulam plus Aminopyrolid produced the highest thousand grain weight, 42.00g.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florasulam + Aminopyrolide0
- Outcome
- thousand grain weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 42.00ge0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m - ),stand count(413.00m - ),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha -1 ) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha -1 ) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Florasulam plus Aminopyrolid produced the highest grain yield, 3928.25 kgha -1.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florasulam + Aminopyrolide0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3928.25 kgha -1e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m - ),stand count(413.00m - ),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha -1 ) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha -1 ) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Florasulam plus Aminopyrolid produced the highest biological yield, 8693.3kg ha -1.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florasulam + Aminopyrolide0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8693.3kg ha -1e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m - ),stand count(413.00m - ),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha -1 ) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha -1 ) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Florasulam plus Aminopyrolid for weed control and wheat yield in the test environment.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Florasulam + Aminopyrolide0
- Outcome
- could be recommended for the test environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Florasulam + Aminopyrolid effectively managed weeds and gave maximum yield which could be recommended for the test environment”
t0“Wheat”
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