Abstract
To investigate the effect of irrigation regime, soil clay content and their combination on growth, yield, and water productivity of rice, a shelter experiment was conduct using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a factorial arrangement of treatments with four replications. Irrigation regime was the main treatment investigated, set in three levels as R(30 mm-100%) (100% of saturation and 30 mm flooded), R(30 mm-90%) (90% of saturation and 30 mm flooded) and R(30 mm-70%) (70% saturation and 30 mm flooded), respectively. The sub-treatment was soil type, set in three levels as 40%, 50% and 60% clay content, respectively. Results showed that irrigation regime and soil clay content had significant effects on growth, yield and water productivity of rice. However, their combination showed no significant impact on panicles number, root biomass, harvest index and irrigation water productivity. Higher soil clay content results in increase in growth, yield, and water productivity of rice. The total water consumption during R(30 mm-100%) was higher than that during R(30 mm-90%) and R(30 mm-70%) because the latter two saturation levels led to the cracking of soil and decrease of total number of irrigations. Cracks were consistently getting more serious with the reduction in soil water content and the increase in soil clay content. Cracks in soil will preferentially become the major routes of water losses, thus water percolation during R(30 mm-70%) was higher than that during R(30 mm-90%) and R(30 mm-100%) after each irrigation event. The total water use under R(30 mm-70%) exceeded the water consumption under R(30 mm-90%) due to the great amount of soil cracking as well as the excessive volume of standing water depth. Considering water consumption and grain yield, the following conclusion can be reached: (i) The reduction in water consumption was greater than the reduction in grain yield in the case of drying soil 10% below saturation before reflooding. (ii) The reduction in water consumption was less than the reduction in grain yield in the case of drying soil 30% below saturation before reflooding; (iii) The increase in water use was greater than the increase in grain yield in the case of maintaining soil moisture at 100% of saturation before reflooding. Therefore, the water use efficiency was recorded in the order of R(30 mm-90%) >R(30 mm-100%) >R(30 mm-70%). Keywords: irrigation regime, clay content, combination, growth, yield, water productivity, rice DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181104.3895 Citation: Hamoud Y A, Guo X P, Wang Z C, Chen S, Rasool G. Effects of irrigation water regime, soil clay content and their combination on growth, yield, and water use efficiency of rice grown in South China. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(4): 144-155.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation regime significantly affected rice growth, yield and water productivity.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- irrigation regimee0
- Outcome
- growth, yield and water productivitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigation regime and soil clay content had significant effects on growth, yield and water productivity of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil clay content significantly affected rice growth, yield and water productivity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- soil clay contente0
- Outcome
- growth, yield and water productivitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigation regime and soil clay content had significant effects on growth, yield and water productivity of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The irrigation by clay-content combination had no significant effect on rice panicle number, root biomass and harvest index.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- their combinatione0
- Outcome
- panicles number, root biomass, harvest indexe0
- Direction
- no significant impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their combination showed no significant impact on panicles number, root biomass, harvest index and irrigation water productivity”
t0“rice grown in South China”
Claim · model-written summary
The irrigation by clay-content combination had no significant effect on irrigation water productivity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- their combinatione0
- Outcome
- irrigation water productivitye0
- Direction
- no significant impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their combination showed no significant impact on panicles number, root biomass, harvest index and irrigation water productivity”
t0“rice grown in South China”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher clay content increased rice growth, yield and water productivity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Higher soil clay contente0
- Outcome
- growth, yield, and water productivitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher soil clay content results in increase in growth, yield, and water productivity of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Total water consumption at R(30 mm-100%) was higher than at both lower saturation regimes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- R(30 mm-100%)e0
- Outcome
- total water consumptione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- R(30 mm-90%) and R(30 mm-70%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total water consumption during R(30 mm-100%) was higher than that during R(30 mm-90%) and R(30 mm-70%)”
t0“rice grown in South China”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil cracking increased as water content declined and clay content increased.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Cracks were consistently getting more serious with the reduction in soil water content and the increase in soil clay content”
Claim · model-written summary
Water percolation after irrigation was higher under R(30 mm-70%) than the other regimes.
- Treatment
- R(30 mm-70%)e0
- Outcome
- water percolatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- R(30 mm-90%) and R(30 mm-100%)e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“water percolation during R(30 mm-70%) was higher than that during R(30 mm-90%) and R(30 mm-100%) after each irrigation event”
Claim · model-written summary
Total water use under R(30 mm-70%) exceeded that under R(30 mm-90%).
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The total water use under R(30 mm-70%) exceeded the water consumption under R(30 mm-90%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying soil 10% below saturation reduced water consumption more than grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- drying soil 10% below saturation before refloodinge0
- Outcome
- water consumptione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- greater than the reduction in grain yielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in water consumption was greater than the reduction in grain yield in the case of drying soil 10% below saturation before reflooding”
t0“rice grown in South China”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying soil 30% below saturation reduced water consumption less than grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- drying soil 30% below saturation before refloodinge0
- Outcome
- water consumptione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- less than the reduction in grain yielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in water consumption was less than the reduction in grain yield in the case of drying soil 30% below saturation before reflooding”
t0“rice grown in South China”
Claim · model-written summary
Maintaining soil at full saturation increased water use more than grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- maintaining soil moisture at 100% of saturation before refloodinge0
- Outcome
- water usee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- greater than the increase in grain yielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in water use was greater than the increase in grain yield in the case of maintaining soil moisture at 100% of saturation before reflooding”
t0“rice grown in South China”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency ranked R(30 mm-90%) above R(30 mm-100%) above R(30 mm-70%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- R(30 mm-90%) >R(30 mm-100%) >R(30 mm-70%)e0
- Comparator
- R(30 mm-100%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water use efficiency was recorded in the order of R(30 mm-90%) >R(30 mm-100%) >R(30 mm-70%)”
t0“rice grown in South China”
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See all 35 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.