Abstract
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is one of the main crops of the Mediterranean region which suffers from drought and soil salinization. We assessed the photosynthetic rate, leaf water content and antioxidative enzyme activity (APX, GPX, SOD and CAT) of three Greek olive cultivars (‘Amfisis’, ‘Mastoidis’ and ‘Lefkolia Serron’) subjected to drought and salinity stresses. Hyperspectral reflectance data were acquired using an analytical spectral device (ASD) FieldSpec® 3 spectroradiometer, while principal component regression, partial least squares regression and linear discriminant analysis were used to estimate the relationship between spectral and physiological measurements. The photosynthetic rate and water content of stressed plants decreased, while enzyme activity had an increasing tendency. ‘Amfisis’ was more resistant to drought and salinity stress than ‘Mastoidis’ and ‘Lefkolia Serron’. The NDVI appeared to have the highest correlation with the photosynthetic rate, followed by the PRI. APX enzyme activity was the most highly correlated with the 1150–1370 nm range, with an additional peak at 1840 nm. CAT enzyme activity resulted in the highest correlation with the visible part of the spectrum with two peaks at 1480 nm and 1950 nm, while GPX enzyme activity appeared to have a strong correlation within all the available spectral ranges except for 670–1180 nm. Finally, SOD activity showed high correlation values within 1190–1850 nm. This is the first time the correlation of hyperspectral imagery with photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activities was determined, providing the background for high-throughput plant phenotyping through a drone with a hyperspectral camera. This progress would provide the possibility of early stress detection in large olive groves and assist farmers in decision making and optimizing crop management, health and productivity.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Drought and salinity stress decreased photosynthetic rate and leaf water content of olive plants.
- Taxon
- Olea europaea
Olea europaeae0 - Treatment
- drought and salinity stressese1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate and water contente2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e1“subjected to drought and salinity stresses”
e2“The photosynthetic rate and water content of stressed plants decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought and salinity stress increased antioxidant enzyme activity in olive.
- Taxon
- Olea europaeaOlea europaeae0
- Treatment
- drought and salinity stressese1
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye3
- Direction
- increasinge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e1“subjected to drought and salinity stresses”
e3“while enzyme activity had an increasing tendency”
Claim · model-written summary
Amfisis was more resistant to drought and salinity stress than Mastoidis and Lefkolia Serron.
- Taxon
- Olea europaeaOlea europaeae0
- Material
- Amfisise4
- Treatment
- drought and salinity stresse4
- Outcome
- resistant to drought and salinity stresse4
- Direction
- more resistante4
- Comparator
- ‘Mastoidis’ and ‘Lefkolia Serron’e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e4“‘Amfisis’ was more resistant to drought and salinity stress than ‘Mastoidis’ and ‘Lefkolia Serron’”
Claim · model-written summary
NDVI had the highest correlation with olive photosynthetic rate, followed by PRI.
- Taxon
- Olea europaeaOlea europaeae0
- Outcome
- correlation with the photosynthetic ratee5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Comparator
- PRIe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e5“The NDVI appeared to have the highest correlation with the photosynthetic rate, followed by the PRI”
Claim · model-written summary
APX enzyme activity was most highly correlated with the 1150–1370 nm spectral range, with an additional peak at 1840 nm.
- Taxon
- Olea europaeaOlea europaeae0
- Gene
- APXe6
- Outcome
- correlated with the 1150–1370 nm rangee6
- Direction
- most highlye6
- Qualifier
- with an additional peak at 1840 nme6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e6“APX enzyme activity was the most highly correlated with the 1150–1370 nm range, with an additional peak at 1840 nm”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT enzyme activity showed its highest correlation with the visible spectrum, with peaks at 1480 nm and 1950 nm.
- Taxon
- Olea europaeaOlea europaeae0
- Gene
- CATe7
- Outcome
- correlation with the visible part of the spectrume7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Qualifier
- two peaks at 1480 nm and 1950 nme7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e7“CAT enzyme activity resulted in the highest correlation with the visible part of the spectrum with two peaks at 1480 nm and 1950 nm”
Claim · model-written summary
GPX enzyme activity had a strong correlation with spectral reflectance in all available ranges except 670–1180 nm.
- Taxon
- Olea europaeaOlea europaeae0
- Gene
- GPXe1
- Outcome
- correlation within all the available spectral rangese1
- Qualifier
- except for 670–1180 nme1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e1“GPX enzyme activity appeared to have a strong correlation within all the available spectral ranges except for 670–1180 nm”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD activity showed high correlation values within 1190–1850 nm.
- Taxon
- Olea europaeaOlea europaeae0
- Gene
- SODe2
- Outcome
- correlation values within 1190–1850 nme2
- Direction
- highe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The olive tree (Olea europaea L.)”
e2“SOD activity showed high correlation values within 1190–1850 nm”
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.