Abstract
Abstract Grafting, which joins a scion from a cultivar with the stem of a rootstock from a grapevine wild relative, is commonly used in viticulture. Grafting has crucial effects on various phenotypes of the cultivar, including its phenology, biotic and abiotic resistance, berry metabolome, and coloration, but the underlying genetics and regulatory mechanisms are largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic profiles at three developmental stages (45, 75, and 105 days after flowering) of the Crimson Seedless cultivar (Vitis vinifera) grafted onto four rootstocks (three heterografts, CS/101-14, CS/SO4, and CS/110R and one self-graft, CS/CS) with own-rooted graft-free Crimson Seedless (CS) as the control. All the heterografts had a significant effect on berry reddening as early as ~45 days after flowering. The grafting of rootstocks promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in grape berries. The metabolomic features showed that cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, malvidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, and petunidin 3-O-glucoside were the pigments responsible for the purplish-red peel color. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes, from upstream (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) to downstream (anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase and anthocyanidin synthase), were upregulated with the accumulation of anthocyanins in the heterografted plants. At the same time, all these genes were also highly expressed and more anthocyanin was accumulated in self-grafted CS/CS samples compared with own-rooted graft-free CS samples, suggesting that self-grafting may also have promoted berry reddening in grapevine. Our results reveal global transcriptomic and metabolomic features in berry color regulation under different grafting conditions that may be useful for improving berry quality in viticulture.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Heterografts significantly affected berry reddening at about 45 days after flowering.
VitisNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the heterografts had a significant effect on berry reddening as early as ~45 days after flowering.”
t0“grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Rootstock grafting promoted grape berry anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Organ / stage
- berriese0
- Treatment
- grafting of rootstockse0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The grafting of rootstocks promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in grape berries.”
Claim · model-written summary
Five named anthocyanins were identified as pigments responsible for purplish-red peel color.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, malvidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, and petunidin 3-O-glucoside were the pigments responsible for the purplish-red peel color.”
t0“grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were upregulated with anthocyanin accumulation in heterografts.
- Treatment
- heterograftede0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyasee0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes, from upstream (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) to downstream (anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase and anthocyanidin synthase), were upregulated with the accumulation of anthocyanins in the heterografted plants.”
t0“grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
The same genes were more highly expressed in self-grafts than own-rooted plants.
- Treatment
- self-grafted CS/CSe0
- Outcome
- all these genese0
- Direction
- highly expressede0
- Comparator
- own-rooted graft-free CSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all these genes were also highly expressed and more anthocyanin was accumulated in self-grafted CS/CS samples compared with own-rooted graft-free CS samples”
t0“grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Self-grafts accumulated more anthocyanin than own-rooted plants.
- Treatment
- self-grafted CS/CSe0
- Outcome
- anthocyanine0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- own-rooted graft-free CSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more anthocyanin was accumulated in self-grafted CS/CS samples compared with own-rooted graft-free CS samples”
t0“grapevine”
The same questions in other papers
grafting · quality: phytochemicals · VitisPositive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.