Abstract
Abstract Jujube leaf tea, which is made from the young leaves of Ziziphus jujuba , is a novel functional herb tea or infusion that inhibits the central nervous system. In the current study, the effects of iminodisuccinic acid (IDS), as a metal complexing agent, on mineral element content, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities, and antioxidant accumulation in the young and mature leaves of Z. jujuba were investigated. Results demonstrated that foliar fertilization with ionic (FeCl 2 and ZnCl 2 ) and chelated (Fe-IDS and Zn-IDS) fertilizers could drastically enhance iron and zinc contents, coupled with increased vitamin C level, glutathione accumulation, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity (evaluated based on the Fe 3+ reducing power of leaf extracts), compared with the control, particularly in young leaves. However, chelated fertilizers considerably reduced the chlorophyll level, H 2 O 2 content, and lipid peroxidation rate than ionic fertilizers, particularly in young leaves. Compared with the control, chelated fertilizers induced greater superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, particularly in young leaves. Moreover, decreased enzyme activities were observed in the ionic fertilizer-treated leaves compared with the control-treated leaves. Thus, using a chelating agent could improve the accumulation of mineral elements and antioxidants in young leaves by reducing metal-mediated reactive oxygen species toxicity.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Ionic and chelated fertilizers enhanced iron and zinc contents relative to control, particularly in young leaves.
- Taxon
- Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus jujubat0 - Organ / stage
- young leavese0
- Treatment
- ionic (FeCl 2 and ZnCl 2 ) and chelated (Fe-IDS and Zn-IDS) fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- iron and zinc contentse0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar fertilization with ionic (FeCl 2 and ZnCl 2 ) and chelated (Fe-IDS and Zn-IDS) fertilizers could drastically enhance iron and zinc contents, coupled with increased vitamin C level, glutathione accumulation, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity (evaluated based on the Fe 3+ reducing power of leaf extracts), compared with the control, particularly in young leaves”
t0“Ziziphus jujuba”
Claim · model-written summary
Ionic and chelated fertilizers increased vitamin C, glutathione, phenolics, and antioxidant capacity relative to control, particularly in young leaves.
- Taxon
- Ziziphus jujubaZiziphus jujubat0
- Organ / stage
- young leavese0
- Treatment
- ionic (FeCl 2 and ZnCl 2 ) and chelated (Fe-IDS and Zn-IDS) fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- vitamin C level, glutathione accumulation, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar fertilization with ionic (FeCl 2 and ZnCl 2 ) and chelated (Fe-IDS and Zn-IDS) fertilizers could drastically enhance iron and zinc contents, coupled with increased vitamin C level, glutathione accumulation, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity (evaluated based on the Fe 3+ reducing power of leaf extracts), compared with the control, particularly in young leaves”
t0“Ziziphus jujuba”
Claim · model-written summary
Chelated fertilizers reduced chlorophyll, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation compared with ionic fertilizers, particularly in young leaves.
- Taxon
- Ziziphus jujubaZiziphus jujubat0
- Organ / stage
- young leavese0
- Treatment
- chelated fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll level, H 2 O 2 content, and lipid peroxidation ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- ionic fertilizerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chelated fertilizers considerably reduced the chlorophyll level, H 2 O 2 content, and lipid peroxidation rate than ionic fertilizers, particularly in young leaves”
t0“Ziziphus jujuba”
Claim · model-written summary
Chelated fertilizers induced greater superoxide dismutase and catalase activities than control, particularly in young leaves.
- Taxon
- Ziziphus jujubaZiziphus jujubat0
- Organ / stage
- young leavese0
- Treatment
- chelated fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase and catalase activitiese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the control, chelated fertilizers induced greater superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, particularly in young leaves”
t0“Ziziphus jujuba”
Claim · model-written summary
Ionic fertilizer decreased enzyme activities relative to control.
- Taxon
- Ziziphus jujubaZiziphus jujubat0
- Treatment
- ionic fertilizer-treated leavese0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control-treated leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased enzyme activities were observed in the ionic fertilizer-treated leaves compared with the control-treated leaves”
t0“Ziziphus jujuba”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.