Abstract
Improving biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in cereal crops is a long-sought objective; however, no successful modification of cereal crops showing increased BNF has been reported. Here, we described a novel approach in which rice plants were modified to increase the production of compounds that stimulated biofilm formation in soil diazotrophic bacteria, promoted bacterial colonization of plant tissues and improved BNF with increased grain yield at limiting soil nitrogen contents. We first used a chemical screening to identify plant-produced compounds that induced biofilm formation in nitrogen-fixing bacteria and demonstrated that apigenin and other flavones induced BNF. We then used CRISPR-based gene editing targeting apigenin breakdown in rice, increasing plant apigenin contents and apigenin root exudation. When grown at limiting soil nitrogen conditions, modified rice plants displayed increased grain yield. Biofilm production also modified the root microbiome structure, favouring the enrichment of diazotrophic bacteria recruitment. Our results support the manipulation of the flavone biosynthetic pathway as a feasible strategy for the induction of biological nitrogen fixation in cereals and a reduction in the use of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Plant-produced compounds induced biofilms in nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- nitrogen-fixing bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- biofilm formation in nitrogen-fixing bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant-produced compounds that induced biofilm formation in nitrogen-fixing bacteria”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Apigenin and other flavones induced biological nitrogen fixation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- apigenin and other flavonese0
- Interactor
- soil diazotrophic bacteriat0symbiont
- Outcome
- BNFe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apigenin and other flavones induced BNF”
t0“rice enhances biofilm formation of soil diazotrophic bacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
CRISPR editing of apigenin breakdown increased rice apigenin content.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CRISPR-based gene editing targeting apigenin breakdowne0
- Outcome
- plant apigenin contentse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CRISPR-based gene editing targeting apigenin breakdown in rice, increasing plant apigenin contents and apigenin root exudation”
Claim · model-written summary
CRISPR editing of apigenin breakdown increased apigenin root exudation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CRISPR-based gene editing targeting apigenin breakdowne0
- Outcome
- apigenin root exudatione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CRISPR-based gene editing targeting apigenin breakdown in rice, increasing plant apigenin contents and apigenin root exudation”
Claim · model-written summary
Modified rice had increased grain yield under limiting soil nitrogen.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- modified rice plantse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- limiting soil nitrogen conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When grown at limiting soil nitrogen conditions, modified rice plants displayed increased grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofilm production shifted the root microbiome toward diazotrophic bacteria.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- diazotrophic bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- enrichment of diazotrophic bacteria recruitmente0
- Direction
- enrichmente0
- Qualifier
- Biofilm productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biofilm production also modified the root microbiome structure, favouring the enrichment of diazotrophic bacteria recruitment.”
t0“rice”
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