Abstract
The present study was carried out in order to investigate the efficiency of various formulations of silver-botanical nanoparticles, i.e. cloves, lantana camara and conyza dioscoridis as nematicide substitutes against the tomato root- knot nematode (M. incognita), in both laboratory and under greenhouse conditions. Results clarified that the tested normal and NE-extracts, significantly and drastically, increased (J2) mortality % and reduced egg-hatching and the effect increased with increasing compound concentration and exposure time. However, nanoparticles forms of all tested compounds consistently showed higher effect than normal extracts forms. Meanwhile, NP-L. camara showed the highest J2 mortality % and egg-hatching inhibition at all exposure times. The nanoparticles, dramatically reduced root galls, egg masses, eggs and final population of M. incognita infecting tomato plants at the application rate of 100 μg/ml. Meanwhile, the NP-L. camara treatment was the most efficient in reducing root galls, egg masses, eggs and population of J2 in soil, followed by NP-Cloves and NP-C. dioscoridis. Moreover, the different extracts treatments improved and increased the mean values of tomato growth parameters in the inoculated treated plants. NP-L. camara showed the highest growth parameters. However, most mean values of growth parameters for NP-Cloves treatment not significantly different from the NP-L. camara. Consequently, these nanoparticles extracts could be effective potentially and environmentally safe to control tomato knot-root nematode.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Normal and nanoparticle extracts increased J2 mortality and reduced egg hatching, with stronger effects at higher concentration and longer exposure.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- normal and NE-extractse0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitat0pathogen - Outcome
- (J2) mortality % and reduced egg-hatchinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- increasing compound concentration and exposure timee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the tested normal and NE-extracts, significantly and drastically, increased (J2) mortality % and reduced egg-hatching and the effect increased with increasing compound concentration and exposure time”
t0“Effectiveness of nanoparticles of some plant extracts against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle forms had greater nematicidal effects than normal extract forms.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nanoparticles formse0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- normal extracts formse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nanoparticles forms of all tested compounds consistently showed higher effect than normal extracts forms”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
NP-L. camara gave the highest J2 mortality and egg-hatching inhibition at all exposure times.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NP-L. camarae0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- J2 mortality % and egg-hatching inhibitione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NP-L. camara showed the highest J2 mortality % and egg-hatching inhibition at all exposure times”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles reduced root galls, egg masses, eggs, and final M. incognita population on tomato at 100 μg/ml.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- nanoparticlese0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- root galls, egg masses, eggs and final populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 100 μg/mle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nanoparticles, dramatically reduced root galls, egg masses, eggs and final population of M. incognita infecting tomato plants at the application rate of 100 μg/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
NP-L. camara most efficiently reduced root galls, egg masses, eggs, and J2 soil populations, followed by NP-Cloves and NP-C. dioscoridis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NP-L. camarae0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitat0pathogen
- Outcome
- root galls, egg masses, eggs and population of J2 in soile0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- NP-Cloves and NP-C. dioscoridise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the NP-L. camara treatment was the most efficient in reducing root galls, egg masses, eggs and population of J2 in soil, followed by NP-Cloves and NP-C. dioscoridis”
t0“Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Different extract treatments increased tomato growth parameters in inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- different extracts treatmentse0
- Outcome
- tomato growth parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the different extracts treatments improved and increased the mean values of tomato growth parameters in the inoculated treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NP-L. camara gave the highest tomato growth parameters.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NP-L. camarae0
- Outcome
- growth parameterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NP-L. camara showed the highest growth parameters”
t0“tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Most growth parameter means under NP-Cloves did not differ significantly from NP-L. camara.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NP-Cloves treatmente0
- Outcome
- growth parameterse0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Comparator
- NP-L. camarae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most mean values of growth parameters for NP-Cloves treatment not significantly different from the NP-L. camara”
t0“tomato plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider nanoparticle extracts potentially effective and environmentally safe for tomato root-knot nematode control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- nanoparticles extractse0
- Outcome
- control tomato knot-root nematodee0
- Qualifier
- potentially and environmentally safee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these nanoparticles extracts could be effective potentially and environmentally safe to control tomato knot-root nematode”
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