Abstract
Despite being a worldwide problem, responses of crops to zinc (Zn) deficiency is largely unknown. This study examines the effects of limited Zn supply in Brassica napus. The decreased Zn content of the nutrient solution caused reduced tissue Zn concentrations and reduced K, Ca, Mg levels were detected in the leaves. For Ca, Zn, Fe, Mo inhomogeneous distribution was induced by Zn limitation. Suboptimal Zn supply decreased the shoot and root biomass and altered the root structure. The levels of sugars and sugar phosphates (e.g. glucose, glucose-6-phosphate etc.) were decreased suggesting disturbance in carbon metabolism. Limited Zn availability induced organ-dependent superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production and triggered altered NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, ascorbate peroxidase abundance and ascorbate and glutathione contents indicating oxidative stress. Moreover, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) levels and GSNO reductase gene expression, protein level and activity were modified by Zn limitation. As a consequence, protein tyrosine nitration and protein carbonylation were intensified in B. napus grown with suboptimal Zn supply. Collectively, these results provide the first evidence for Zn deficiency-induced imbalances in nutrient status, sugar contents, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species metabolisms and for the secondary nitro-oxidative stress in sensitive Brassica napus.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Lower nutrient solution Zn reduced tissue Zn concentration.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Treatment
- decreased Zn content of the nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- tissue Zn concentrationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The decreased Zn content of the nutrient solution caused reduced tissue Zn concentrations”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited Zn supply reduced leaf K, Ca and Mg levels.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napuse1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- limited Zn supplye1
- Outcome
- K, Ca, Mg levelse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced K, Ca, Mg levels were detected in the leaves”
e1“This study examines the effects of limited Zn supply in Brassica napus.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn limitation induced inhomogeneous Ca, Zn, Fe and Mo distribution.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Zn limitatione0
- Outcome
- Ca, Zn, Fe, Mo inhomogeneous distributione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Ca, Zn, Fe, Mo inhomogeneous distribution was induced by Zn limitation.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Suboptimal Zn supply decreased shoot and root biomass.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Suboptimal Zn supplye0
- Outcome
- shoot and root biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suboptimal Zn supply decreased the shoot and root biomass”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Suboptimal Zn supply altered root structure.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Suboptimal Zn supplye0
- Outcome
- root structuree0
- Direction
- alterede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suboptimal Zn supply decreased the shoot and root biomass and altered the root structure.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited Zn supply decreased sugars and sugar phosphates.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- limited Zn supplye1
- Outcome
- levels of sugars and sugar phosphatese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of sugars and sugar phosphates (e.g. glucose, glucose-6-phosphate etc.) were decreased”
e1“This study examines the effects of limited Zn supply in Brassica napus.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited Zn availability induced organ dependent superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Limited Zn availabilitye0
- Outcome
- superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide productione0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- organ-dependente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Limited Zn availability induced organ-dependent superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited Zn availability altered NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities and ascorbate peroxidase abundance.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Limited Zn availabilitye0
- Outcome
- NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, ascorbate peroxidase abundancee0
- Direction
- alterede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Limited Zn availability induced organ-dependent superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production and triggered altered NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, ascorbate peroxidase abundance”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited Zn availability altered ascorbate and glutathione contents.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Limited Zn availabilitye1
- Outcome
- ascorbate and glutathione contentse0
- Direction
- alterede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“triggered altered NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, ascorbate peroxidase abundance and ascorbate and glutathione contents”
e1“Limited Zn availability induced organ-dependent superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn limitation modified nitric oxide, peroxynitrite and S-nitrosoglutathione levels.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Zn limitatione0
- Outcome
- nitric oxide, peroxynitrite and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) levelse0
- Direction
- modifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitric oxide, peroxynitrite and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) levels and GSNO reductase gene expression, protein level and activity were modified by Zn limitation.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn limitation modified GSNO reductase expression, protein level and activity.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Zn limitatione0
- Gene
- GSNO reductasee0
- Outcome
- gene expression, protein level and activitye0
- Direction
- modifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GSNO reductase gene expression, protein level and activity were modified by Zn limitation.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Suboptimal Zn supply intensified protein tyrosine nitration and protein carbonylation.
- Taxon
- B. napusBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- suboptimal Zn supplye0
- Outcome
- protein tyrosine nitration and protein carbonylatione0
- Direction
- intensifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein tyrosine nitration and protein carbonylation were intensified in B. napus grown with suboptimal Zn supply.”
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This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- positive
- positive
8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.