Abstract
Field studies were carried out at the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University during two successive seasons; 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 to study the effect of mineral fertilizer and bio-fertilizers (Cerealine, Microbien and Phosphorine or mixture of three bio-fertilizers combined with mineral fertilizer) on major insect infestation for sugar beet and growth, yield and quality of roots. Results showed that mineral fertilizer alone or combined with bio fertilizer highly significant increased the infestation with Pegomyia mixta Vill. compared with control. The highest population densities (1624 indiv. and 135 blotches/48 plants) were in treatment of 90 kg N/fed. followed by Cerealine + 46 kg N/fed. (666 indiv. and 99 blotches/48 plants). Population density of Cassida vittata Vill. highly significant increased on plants treated with biofertilizer plus 23 or 46 kg N/fed. compared with mineral fertilizer alone or control. Mixture of biofertilizers plus 46 kg N/fed. harboured the highest numbers (468 indiv./48 plants) of Cassida vittata Vill. The maximum population density of Scrobipalpa ocellatella Boyd. (73 larvae/48 plants) was recorded in control treatment, followed by biofertilizers plus 23 kg N/fed. While the lowest number of that insect was in treatment of 90 kg N/fed. Population density of jassids, Empoasca spp. highly significant increased on plants treated with mineral fertilizer followed by biofertilizer compared with control. In contrast, population density of Nezara viridula L. highly significant increased in treatments of bio and mineral fertilizer while insignificant at 90 kg N/fed. compared with control. Results showed that biofertilization combined with mineral fertilization highly significant increased root length, root diameter and root & foliage weight of sugar beet plants compared with control treatment. The highest root and foliage weight/plant (938.2 and 198.4g, respectively) were recorded in Cerealine combined with 70 kg N/fed. Phosphorine and Cerealine plus 70 kg N/fed highly significant and significant increased sucrose percentage (20.05 and 18.95%, respectively). Highly significant differences among treatments of mineral and biofertilizer were found for total soluble solids percent (T.S.S.%). Some treatments of bio and mineral fertilizer affected the quality of sugar beet juice such as potassium ions, sodium ions and a amino nitrogen and quality degree percentage. Generally, it is concluded that Phosphorine or Cerealine or mixture plus 70 kg N/fed. are recommended for reducing major insect infestation for sugar beet and increasing root weight and sucrose percentages.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral fertilizer alone or with biofertilizer increased Pegomyia mixta infestation versus control.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTS
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- mineral fertilizer alone or combined with bio fertilizere0
- Interactor
- Pegomyia mixta Vill.e0pest
- Outcome
- infestation with Pegomyia mixta Vill.e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mineral fertilizer alone or combined with bio fertilizer highly significant increased the infestation with Pegomyia mixta Vill. compared with control”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest Pegomyia mixta densities occurred under 90 kg N/fed.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 90 kg N/fed.e0
- Interactor
- Pegomyia mixta Vill.e1pest
- Outcome
- population densitiese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1624 indiv. and 135 blotches/48 plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest population densities (1624 indiv. and 135 blotches/48 plants) were in treatment of 90 kg N/fed.”
e1“Pegomyia mixta Vill.”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer plus 23 or 46 kg N/fed. increased Cassida vittata density.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- biofertilizer plus 23 or 46 kg N/fed.e0
- Interactor
- Cassida vittata Vill.
Cassida vittatae0pest - Outcome
- Population density of Cassida vittata Vill.e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- mineral fertilizer alone or controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Population density of Cassida vittata Vill. highly significant increased on plants treated with biofertilizer plus 23 or 46 kg N/fed. compared with mineral fertilizer alone or control”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
The biofertilizer mixture with 46 kg N/fed. had the highest Cassida vittata count.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Mixture of biofertilizers plus 46 kg N/fed.e0
- Interactor
- Cassida vittata Vill.Cassida vittatae0pest
- Outcome
- numberse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 468 indiv./48 plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixture of biofertilizers plus 46 kg N/fed. harboured the highest numbers (468 indiv./48 plants) of Cassida vittata Vill.”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Control had the maximum Scrobipalpa ocellatella density.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Interactor
- Scrobipalpa ocellatella Boyd.
.jpg?width=60)
Scrobipalpa ocellatellae0pest - Outcome
- population density of Scrobipalpa ocellatella Boyd.e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 73 larvae/48 plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The maximum population density of Scrobipalpa ocellatella Boyd. (73 larvae/48 plants) was recorded in control treatment”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest Scrobipalpa ocellatella count occurred at 90 kg N/fed.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- 90 kg N/fed.e0
- Interactor
- Scrobipalpa ocellatella Boyd.Scrobipalpa ocellatellae1pest
- Outcome
- number of that insecte0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest number of that insect was in treatment of 90 kg N/fed.”
e1“Scrobipalpa ocellatella Boyd.”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral fertilizer increased jassid density versus control.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- mineral fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Population density of jassids, Empoasca spp.e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
EmpoascaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Population density of jassids, Empoasca spp. highly significant increased on plants treated with mineral fertilizer followed by biofertilizer compared with control”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio and mineral fertilizer increased Nezara viridula density.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- bio and mineral fertilizere0
- Interactor
- Nezara viridula L.
Nezara viridulae0pest - Outcome
- population density of Nezara viridula L.e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population density of Nezara viridula L. highly significant increased in treatments of bio and mineral fertilizer while insignificant at 90 kg N/fed. compared with control”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilization combined with mineral fertilization increased root length, diameter, and root and foliage weight.
- Taxon
- sugar beet plantsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- biofertilization combined with mineral fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- root length, root diameter and root & foliage weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biofertilization combined with mineral fertilization highly significant increased root length, root diameter and root & foliage weight of sugar beet plants compared with control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Cerealine with 70 kg N/fed. gave the highest root and foliage weight.
- Taxon
- sugar beet plantsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Cerealine combined with 70 kg N/fed.e0
- Outcome
- root and foliage weight/plante0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 938.2 and 198.4ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest root and foliage weight/plant (938.2 and 198.4g, respectively) were recorded in Cerealine combined with 70 kg N/fed.”
e1“sugar beet plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorine with 70 kg N/fed. increased sucrose percentage to 20.05%.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Phosphorine and Cerealine plus 70 kg N/fede0
- Outcome
- sucrose percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorine and Cerealine plus 70 kg N/fed highly significant and significant increased sucrose percentage (20.05 and 18.95%, respectively)”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatments differed in total soluble solids percentage.
- Taxon
- SUGAR BEET PLANTSBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- treatments of mineral and biofertilizere0
- Outcome
- total soluble solids percent (T.S.S.%)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highly significant differences among treatments of mineral and biofertilizer were found for total soluble solids percent (T.S.S.%)”
t0“SUGAR BEET PLANTS”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio and mineral fertilizer affected sugar beet juice quality measures.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- bio and mineral fertilizere0
- Outcome
- quality of sugar beet juicee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some treatments of bio and mineral fertilizer affected the quality of sugar beet juice such as potassium ions, sodium ions and a amino nitrogen and quality degree percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Phosphorine, Cerealine, or mixture with 70 kg N/fed. to reduce infestation and increase root weight and sucrose.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Outcome
- Phosphorine or Cerealine or mixture plus 70 kg N/fed. are recommendede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorine or Cerealine or mixture plus 70 kg N/fed. are recommended for reducing major insect infestation for sugar beet and increasing root weight and sucrose percentages”
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