Abstract
Abstract Slow release nitrogenous fertilizers can improve crops production and reduce the environmental challenges in agro-ecosystem. There is a need to test the efficiency and performance under arid climatic conditions. The study investigates the effect of slow-release fertilizers (urea, neem coated urea (NCU), sulfur coated urea (SCU) and bioactive sulfur coated urea (BSCU)) on the growth, productivity and grain nutritional qualities of wheat crop. Slow-release fertilizers (SRF) with nitrogen levels (130,117,104 and 94 kg ha −1 ) were applied with equal splits at sowing, 20 and 60 days after sowing (DAS). Research showed that the BSCU with 130 kg ha −1 increased dry matter accumulation (1989 kg ha −1 ) after anthesis and grain yield 4463 kg ha −1 . The higher plant height (102 cm) was attained by 130 kg N ha −1 SCU while the minimum (77.67 cm) recorded for 94 kg N ha −1 as urea source. Maximum grain NPK concentrations (3.54, 0.66 and 1.07%) were recorded by BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 application. While, the minimum NPK (0.77, 0.19 and 0.35%) were observed by Urea 94 kg N ha −1 . The high irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) recorded (20.92 kg ha −1 mm −1 ) and a crop index of 25.52% by BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 application. Research findings show that generally all SRF but particularly BSCU proved effective and can be recommended for wheat crop under arid environment.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
BSCU at 130 kg per hectare increased post-anthesis dry matter accumulation to 1989 kg per hectare.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- after anthesise0
- Treatment
- BSCU with 130 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1989 kg ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BSCU with 130 kg ha −1 increased dry matter accumulation (1989 kg ha −1 ) after anthesis”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BSCU at 130 kg per hectare increased grain yield to 4463 kg per hectare.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BSCU with 130 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4463 kg ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BSCU with 130 kg ha −1 increased dry matter accumulation (1989 kg ha −1 ) after anthesis and grain yield 4463 kg ha −1 .”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SCU at 130 kg N per hectare produced the highest plant height of 102 cm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 130 kg N ha −1 SCUe0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 102 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher plant height (102 cm) was attained by 130 kg N ha −1 SCU”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at 94 kg N per hectare had the minimum plant height of 77.67 cm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 94 kg N ha −1 as urea sourcee0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 77.67 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher plant height (102 cm) was attained by 130 kg N ha −1 SCU while the minimum (77.67 cm) recorded for 94 kg N ha −1 as urea source.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BSCU at 130 kg N per hectare gave maximum grain N concentration of 3.54%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain NPK concentrationse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 3.54e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum grain NPK concentrations (3.54, 0.66 and 1.07%) were recorded by BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 application.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BSCU at 130 kg N per hectare gave maximum grain P concentration of 0.66%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain NPK concentrationse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 0.66e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum grain NPK concentrations (3.54, 0.66 and 1.07%) were recorded by BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 application.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BSCU at 130 kg N per hectare gave maximum grain K concentration of 1.07%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain NPK concentrationse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 1.07%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum grain NPK concentrations (3.54, 0.66 and 1.07%) were recorded by BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 application.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at 94 kg N per hectare gave minimum grain N concentration of 0.77%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the minimum NPK (0.77, 0.19 and 0.35%) were observed by Urea 94 kg N ha −1 .”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at 94 kg N per hectare gave minimum grain P concentration of 0.19%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the minimum NPK (0.77, 0.19 and 0.35%) were observed by Urea 94 kg N ha −1 .”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at 94 kg N per hectare gave minimum grain K concentration of 0.35%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Urea 94 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- NPKe0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 0.35%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the minimum NPK (0.77, 0.19 and 0.35%) were observed by Urea 94 kg N ha −1 .”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BSCU at 130 kg N per hectare gave irrigation water use efficiency of 20.92 kg ha per mm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 applicatione0
- Outcome
- irrigation water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 20.92 kg ha −1 mm −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) recorded (20.92 kg ha −1 mm −1 ) and a crop index of 25.52% by BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 application.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
BSCU at 130 kg N per hectare gave a crop index of 25.52%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 applicatione0
- Outcome
- crop indexe0
- Value
- 25.52%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a crop index of 25.52% by BSCU 130 kg N ha −1 application.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend slow-release fertilizers, especially BSCU, for wheat under arid conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- BSCUe0
- Outcome
- recommended for wheat crop under arid environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“generally all SRF but particularly BSCU proved effective and can be recommended for wheat crop under arid environment.”
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