Abstract
Festuca arundinacea Schreb. is a widely used type of forage due to its great ecological breadth and adaptability. An agricultural intervention that improves the selenium content in cultivated plants has been defined as bio-fortification, a complementary strategy to improve human and non-human animals’ nutrition. The advancement of science has led to an increased number of studies based on nanotechnologies, such as the development of nanoparticles (NPs) and their application in crop plants. Studies show that NPs have different physicochemical properties compared to bulk materials. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the behavior of F. arundinacea Schreb. plants cultivated with Se nanoparticles, (2) to identify the specific behavior of the agronomic and productive variables of the F. arundinacea Schreb. plants, and (3) to quantify the production and quality of the forage produced from the plant (the bioactive compounds’ concentrations, antioxidant activity, and the concentration of selenium). Three different treatments of SeNPs were established (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mg/mL). The effects of a foliar fertilization with SeNPs on the morphological parameters such as the root size, plant height, and biomass production were recorded, as well as the effects on the physicochemical parameters such as the crude protein (CP), lipids (L), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), carbohydrates (CH), the content of total phenols, total flavonoids, tannins, quantification of selenium and antioxidant activity 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between treatments in all the response variables. The best results were obtained with foliar application treatments with 3.0 and 4.5 mg/mL with respect to the root size (12.79 and 15.59 cm) and plant height (26.18 and 29.34 cm). The F. arundinacea Schreb. plants fertilized with 4.5 mg/L had selenium contents of 0.3215, 0.3191, and 0.3218 mg/Kg MS; total phenols of 249.56, 280.02, and 274 mg EAG/100 g DM; and total flavonoids of 63.56, 64.96, and 61.16 mg QE/100 g DM. The foliar biofortified treatment with a concentration of 4.5 mg/mL Se NPs had the highest antioxidant capacities (284.26, 278.35, and 289.96 mg/AAE/100 g).
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Significant differences between SeNP treatments were found in all response variables of Festuca arundinacea
- Taxon
- Festuca arundinacea Schreb.
Lolium arundinaceume0 - Treatment
- SeNPse2
- Outcome
- all the response variablese1
- Qualifier
- Significant differences (p < 0.05)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Festuca arundinacea Schreb. is a widely used type of forage”
e1“Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between treatments in all the response variables”
e2“Three different treatments of SeNPs were established (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mg/mL)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar SeNPs at 3.0 and 4.5 mg/mL gave the best root size, 12.79 and 15.59 cm
- Taxon
- Festuca arundinacea Schreb.Lolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- foliar application treatments with 3.0 and 4.5 mg/mLe3
- Outcome
- root sizee3
- Direction
- beste3
- Value
- 12.79 and 15.59 cme3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Festuca arundinacea Schreb. is a widely used type of forage”
e3“The best results were obtained with foliar application treatments with 3.0 and 4.5 mg/mL with respect to the root size (12.79 and 15.59 cm) and plant height (26.18 and 29.34 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar SeNPs at 3.0 and 4.5 mg/mL gave the best plant height, 26.18 and 29.34 cm
- Taxon
- Festuca arundinacea Schreb.Lolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- foliar application treatments with 3.0 and 4.5 mg/mLe3
- Outcome
- plant heighte3
- Direction
- beste3
- Value
- 26.18 and 29.34 cme3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Festuca arundinacea Schreb. is a widely used type of forage”
e3“The best results were obtained with foliar application treatments with 3.0 and 4.5 mg/mL with respect to the root size (12.79 and 15.59 cm) and plant height (26.18 and 29.34 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants fertilized with 4.5 mg/L had selenium contents of 0.3215, 0.3191 and 0.3218 mg/Kg MS
- Taxon
- F. arundinacea Schreb.Lolium arundinaceume4
- Treatment
- fertilized with 4.5 mg/Le4
- Outcome
- selenium contentse4
- Value
- 0.3215, 0.3191, and 0.3218 mg/Kg MSe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Festuca arundinacea Schreb. is a widely used type of forage”
e4“The F. arundinacea Schreb. plants fertilized with 4.5 mg/L had selenium contents of 0.3215, 0.3191, and 0.3218 mg/Kg MS”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants fertilized with 4.5 mg/L had total phenols of 249.56, 280.02 and 274 mg EAG/100 g DM
- Taxon
- F. arundinacea Schreb.Lolium arundinaceume4
- Treatment
- fertilized with 4.5 mg/Le4
- Outcome
- total phenolse5
- Value
- 249.56, 280.02, and 274 mg EAG/100 g DMe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The F. arundinacea Schreb. plants fertilized with 4.5 mg/L had selenium contents of 0.3215, 0.3191, and 0.3218 mg/Kg MS”
e5“total phenols of 249.56, 280.02, and 274 mg EAG/100 g DM”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants fertilized with 4.5 mg/L had total flavonoids of 63.56, 64.96 and 61.16 mg QE/100 g DM
- Taxon
- F. arundinacea Schreb.Lolium arundinaceume4
- Treatment
- fertilized with 4.5 mg/Le4
- Outcome
- total flavonoidse6
- Value
- 63.56, 64.96, and 61.16 mg QE/100 g DMe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The F. arundinacea Schreb. plants fertilized with 4.5 mg/L had selenium contents of 0.3215, 0.3191, and 0.3218 mg/Kg MS”
e6“total flavonoids of 63.56, 64.96, and 61.16 mg QE/100 g DM”
Claim · model-written summary
The foliar biofortified treatment with 4.5 mg/mL Se NPs gave the highest antioxidant capacities
- Taxon
- Festuca arundinacea Schreb.Lolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- foliar biofortified treatment with a concentration of 4.5 mg/mL Se NPse7
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacitiese7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Value
- 284.26, 278.35, and 289.96 mg/AAE/100 ge7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Festuca arundinacea Schreb. is a widely used type of forage”
e7“The foliar biofortified treatment with a concentration of 4.5 mg/mL Se NPs had the highest antioxidant capacities (284.26, 278.35, and 289.96 mg/AAE/100 g)”
The same questions in other papers
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.