Abstract
Abstract Background Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat. We hypothesized that the hybrid winter wheat variety (Hyvento), with a high degree of heterosis and genetic diversity, is likely to uptake and utilize S more efficiently and withstands waterlogging better than the inbred wheat variety (Kredo). Aims The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of 2‐week waterlogging at the end of tillering stage (Feekes Stage 6) and/or ear emergence stage (Feekes Stage 10.1) on grain yield, yield components, S‐uptake and its partitioning, and composition of grain storage proteins (glutenins and gliadins) of hybrid (Hyvento) and inbred (Kredo) winter wheat varieties. Methods Plants were grown in large containers (120 L) in a semi‐controlled greenhouse and harvested three times immediately after each waterlogging treatment and at agronomic maturity. Grain yield, S concentration in different plant organs, total protein content, and patterns of gluten proteins (gliadin and glutenin) and their subunits (by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) in grains were evaluated. Results Grain yield of the inbred variety was more negatively affected under early and late waterlogging than the hybrid variety and was associated with reduced grain size. The decline in grain yield was significantly higher under late waterlogging (30%–31%) than early waterlogging (17%–18%). Compared to the hybrid variety Hyvento, the waterlogging‐induced decline in S concentration in grains, husk, and straw was markedly lower in the inbred variety Kredo. While early waterlogging did not affect total grain protein content in either of the varieties, late waterlogging significantly reduced the total grain protein content (18%) in the inbred variety Kredo. Similarly, the grain gliadin content of the hybrid variety was not affected by both waterlogged conditions, whereas 32% and 23% reductions were recorded for the inbred variety under early and late waterlogging, respectively. Nevertheless, waterlogging significantly increased the proportion of S‐poor high‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits and ω‐gliadin in the inbred variety. Conclusion It could be inferred from the present study that hybrid winter wheat variety is relatively resistant to waterlogging than the inbred wheat variety, and thereby produces higher grain yield. Efficient uptake and metabolism of S could be one of the mechanisms conferring waterlogging resistance in winter wheat.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of the inbred winter wheat variety Kredo was more negatively affected by early and late waterlogging than that of the hybrid variety Hyvento.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- inbred varietye1
- Treatment
- early and late waterlogginge1
- Outcome
- Grain yielde1
- Direction
- more negatively affectede1
- Comparator
- hybrid varietye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e1“Grain yield of the inbred variety was more negatively affected under early and late waterlogging than the hybrid variety and was associated with reduced grain size”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging-related grain yield decline in winter wheat was associated with reduced grain size.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- early and late waterlogginge1
- Outcome
- grain sizee1
- Direction
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e1“Grain yield of the inbred variety was more negatively affected under early and late waterlogging than the hybrid variety and was associated with reduced grain size”
Claim · model-written summary
The decline in grain yield under late waterlogging (30%–31%) was significantly higher than under early waterlogging (17%–18%).
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- late waterlogginge2
- Outcome
- decline in grain yielde2
- Direction
- significantly highere2
- Value
- 30%–31%e2
- Qualifier
- 17%–18%e2
- Comparator
- early waterlogginge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e2“The decline in grain yield was significantly higher under late waterlogging (30%–31%) than early waterlogging (17%–18%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early waterlogging did not affect total grain protein content in either winter wheat variety.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- early waterlogginge3
- Outcome
- total grain protein contente3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e3“While early waterlogging did not affect total grain protein content in either of the varieties, late waterlogging significantly reduced the total grain protein content (18%) in the inbred variety Kredo”
Claim · model-written summary
Late waterlogging significantly reduced total grain protein content by 18% in the inbred variety Kredo.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- inbred variety Kredoe3
- Treatment
- late waterlogginge3
- Outcome
- total grain protein contente3
- Direction
- significantly reducede3
- Value
- 18%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e3“While early waterlogging did not affect total grain protein content in either of the varieties, late waterlogging significantly reduced the total grain protein content (18%) in the inbred variety Kredo”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain gliadin content of the hybrid variety Hyvento was not affected by either waterlogging treatment.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- hybrid varietye4
- Treatment
- both waterlogged conditionse4
- Outcome
- grain gliadin contente4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e4“Similarly, the grain gliadin content of the hybrid variety was not affected by both waterlogged conditions, whereas 32% and 23% reductions were recorded for the inbred variety under early and late waterlogging, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain gliadin content of the inbred variety was reduced by 32% under early waterlogging.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- inbred varietye4
- Treatment
- early and late waterlogginge4
- Outcome
- grain gliadin contente4
- Direction
- reductionse4
- Value
- 32%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e4“Similarly, the grain gliadin content of the hybrid variety was not affected by both waterlogged conditions, whereas 32% and 23% reductions were recorded for the inbred variety under early and late waterlogging, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain gliadin content of the inbred variety was reduced by 23% under late waterlogging.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- inbred varietye4
- Treatment
- early and late waterlogginge4
- Outcome
- grain gliadin contente4
- Direction
- reductionse4
- Value
- 23%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e4“Similarly, the grain gliadin content of the hybrid variety was not affected by both waterlogged conditions, whereas 32% and 23% reductions were recorded for the inbred variety under early and late waterlogging, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging significantly increased the proportion of S-poor high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and ω-gliadin in the inbred variety.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- inbred varietye5
- Treatment
- waterlogginge5
- Outcome
- proportion of S‐poor high‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits and ω‐gliadine5
- Direction
- significantly increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e5“Nevertheless, waterlogging significantly increased the proportion of S‐poor high‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits and ω‐gliadin in the inbred variety”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging-induced decline in S concentration in grains, husk and straw was markedly lower in the inbred variety Kredo than in the hybrid variety Hyvento.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- inbred variety Kredoe1
- Organ / stage
- grains, husk, and strawe1
- Treatment
- waterlogginge1
- Outcome
- S concentration in grains, husk, and strawe1
- Direction
- markedly lowere1
- Comparator
- hybrid variety Hyventoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e1“Compared to the hybrid variety Hyvento, the waterlogging‐induced decline in S concentration in grains, husk, and straw was markedly lower in the inbred variety Kredo”
Claim · model-written summary
The hybrid winter wheat variety appears relatively resistant to waterlogging compared with the inbred variety.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- hybrid winter wheat varietye6
- Outcome
- resistant to waterlogginge6
- Comparator
- inbred wheat varietye6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e6“It could be inferred from the present study that hybrid winter wheat variety is relatively resistant to waterlogging than the inbred wheat variety, and thereby produces higher grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The hybrid winter wheat variety appears to produce higher grain yield than the inbred variety under waterlogging.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- hybrid winter wheat varietye6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- inbred wheat varietye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e6“It could be inferred from the present study that hybrid winter wheat variety is relatively resistant to waterlogging than the inbred wheat variety, and thereby produces higher grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Efficient uptake and metabolism of S could be a mechanism conferring waterlogging resistance in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- waterlogging resistancee7
- Qualifier
- Efficient uptake and metabolism of Se7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterlogging at early and later growth stages could affect sulfur (S) uptake, distribution, yield, and quality of winter wheat”
e7“Efficient uptake and metabolism of S could be one of the mechanisms conferring waterlogging resistance in winter wheat”
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