Abstract
Abstract Till now, there is no complete program that could be implemented to eradicate the parasitic weeds such as broomrape because of their complex life cycle. Therefore, the current research aimed to find new and safe agricultural practices to solve, partially at least, the issues of broomrape in faba bean fields. The experiment was conducted for two winter seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 in naturally infested field with broomrape. Treatments involved application of mycorrhiza, charcoal and rocket salad powder, glyphosate–isopropylammonium herbicide, and weedy check applied whether with sole planting of faba bean and interplanting with flax. The experiment was designed in a strip plot based on completely randomized block arrangement with six replicates. Broomrape number and weight, infested faba bean plants, faba bean agronomic traits, and seed nutrient uptake were estimated. In both seasons, glyphosate whether with sole or interplanting patterns recorded the lowest values of broomrape number plot ‒1 and broomrape weight plot ‒1 without significant variation with charcoal and rocket salad applied in interplanted plots. The maximum increases in faba bean seed yield were observed with application of charcoal × sole or interplanting pattern and rocket salad × interplanting pattern in the 2018/2019 season as well as charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 season. Charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad were effective practices whether under sole or interplanting patterns for improving nutrient uptake, especially in the first season. In the second season, rocket salad with sole or interplanting pattern was the stable interaction for enhancing all nutrient uptake. Reducing broomrape hazards expressed in low number and weight with less infested faba bean plants was confined by application of mycorrhiza, charcoal, and rocket salad powder whether with sole planting of faba bean and interplanting with flax. Hence, faba bean farmers are advised to apply such promising safe practices for sustaining faba bean cultivation in lands infested by broomrape.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate lowered broomrape number per plot in faba bean, without significant variation from charcoal and rocket salad in interplanted plots.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabat0 - Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- broomrape numbere1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Qualifier
- without significant variation with charcoal and rocket salade1
- Setting
- naturally infested fielde2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“In both seasons, glyphosate whether with sole or interplanting patterns recorded the lowest values of broomrape number plot ‒1 and broomrape weight plot ‒1 without significant variation with charcoal and rocket salad applied in interplanted plots”
e2“in naturally infested field with broomrape”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate lowered broomrape weight per plot in faba bean, without significant variation from charcoal and rocket salad in interplanted plots.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Interactor
- broomrapee1parasite
- Outcome
- broomrape weighte1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Qualifier
- without significant variation with charcoal and rocket salade1
- Setting
- naturally infested fielde2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“In both seasons, glyphosate whether with sole or interplanting patterns recorded the lowest values of broomrape number plot ‒1 and broomrape weight plot ‒1 without significant variation with charcoal and rocket salad applied in interplanted plots”
e2“in naturally infested field with broomrape”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal gave the maximum increase in faba bean seed yield in the 2018/2019 season under sole or inter-planted patterns.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- charcoale1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- maximum increasese1
- Qualifier
- sole or interplanting patterne1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“The maximum increases in faba bean seed yield were observed with application of charcoal × sole or interplanting pattern and rocket salad × interplanting pattern in the 2018/2019 season as well as charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Rocket salad with inter-planting gave the maximum increase in faba bean seed yield in the 2018/2019 season.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- rocket salade1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- maximum increasese1
- Qualifier
- interplanting pattern in the 2018/2019 seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“The maximum increases in faba bean seed yield were observed with application of charcoal × sole or interplanting pattern and rocket salad × interplanting pattern in the 2018/2019 season as well as charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal gave the maximum increase in faba bean seed yield under sole planting in the 2019/2020 season.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- charcoale1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- maximum increasese1
- Qualifier
- with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“The maximum increases in faba bean seed yield were observed with application of charcoal × sole or interplanting pattern and rocket salad × interplanting pattern in the 2018/2019 season as well as charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza gave the maximum increase in faba bean seed yield under sole planting in the 2019/2020 season.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- maximum increasese1
- Qualifier
- with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“The maximum increases in faba bean seed yield were observed with application of charcoal × sole or interplanting pattern and rocket salad × interplanting pattern in the 2018/2019 season as well as charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Rocket salad gave the maximum increase in faba bean seed yield under sole planting in the 2019/2020 season.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- rocket salade1
- Outcome
- faba bean seed yielde1
- Direction
- maximum increasese1
- Qualifier
- with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“The maximum increases in faba bean seed yield were observed with application of charcoal × sole or interplanting pattern and rocket salad × interplanting pattern in the 2018/2019 season as well as charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad with sole pattern in the 2019/2020 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal improved faba bean nutrient uptake, especially in the first season.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- Charcoale1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Qualifier
- especially in the first seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“Charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad were effective practices whether under sole or interplanting patterns for improving nutrient uptake, especially in the first season”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza improved faba bean nutrient uptake, especially in the first season.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Qualifier
- especially in the first seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“Charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad were effective practices whether under sole or interplanting patterns for improving nutrient uptake, especially in the first season”
Claim · model-written summary
Rocket salad improved faba bean nutrient uptake, especially in the first season.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- rocket salade1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee1
- Direction
- improvinge1
- Qualifier
- especially in the first seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e1“Charcoal, mycorrhiza, and rocket salad were effective practices whether under sole or interplanting patterns for improving nutrient uptake, especially in the first season”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second season rocket salad, under sole or inter-planted pattern, was the stable treatment for enhancing all nutrient uptake in faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- rocket salade2
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee2
- Direction
- enhancinge2
- Qualifier
- In the second seasone2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e2“In the second season, rocket salad with sole or interplanting pattern was the stable interaction for enhancing all nutrient uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza reduced broomrape hazards in faba bean, with fewer broomrape plants and lower broomrape number and weight.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae3
- Interactor
- broomrapee3parasite
- Outcome
- broomrape hazardse3
- Direction
- Reducinge3
- Qualifier
- less infested faba bean plantse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e3“Reducing broomrape hazards expressed in low number and weight with less infested faba bean plants was confined by application of mycorrhiza, charcoal, and rocket salad powder whether with sole planting of faba bean and interplanting with flax”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal reduced broomrape hazards in faba bean, with fewer broomrape plants and lower broomrape number and weight.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- charcoale3
- Interactor
- broomrapee3parasite
- Outcome
- broomrape hazardse3
- Direction
- Reducinge3
- Qualifier
- less infested faba bean plantse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e3“Reducing broomrape hazards expressed in low number and weight with less infested faba bean plants was confined by application of mycorrhiza, charcoal, and rocket salad powder whether with sole planting of faba bean and interplanting with flax”
Claim · model-written summary
Rocket salad powder reduced broomrape hazards in faba bean, with fewer broomrape plants and lower broomrape number and weight.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- rocket salad powdere3
- Interactor
- broomrapee3parasite
- Outcome
- broomrape hazardse3
- Direction
- Reducinge3
- Qualifier
- less infested faba bean plantse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e3“Reducing broomrape hazards expressed in low number and weight with less infested faba bean plants was confined by application of mycorrhiza, charcoal, and rocket salad powder whether with sole planting of faba bean and interplanting with flax”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean farmers should apply mycorrhiza, charcoal or rocket salad powder to sustain faba bean cultivation on broomrape-infested land.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- sustaining faba bean cultivatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Faba Bean”
e4“faba bean farmers are advised to apply such promising safe practices for sustaining faba bean cultivation in lands infested by broomrape”
The same questions in other papers
charcoal · yield · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
mycorrhiza · yield · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →mycorrhiza · nutrient: content · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree
15 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.