Abstract
The influence of different irrigation regimes on olive fruit morphological parameters and on the quantity and quality (marketable indices, phenolic content, fatty acid composition, and sensory profile) of virgin olive oil (VOO) obtained from the Croatian cultivar Oblica, grown on an extremely rocky and dry reclaimed karst soil, was studied over three years. Four treatments were applied: rain-fed and three treatments calculated as 50%, 75%, and 100% of the crop's irrigation requirement (Irr). Principal component analysis separated growing seasons (GS) that differed in precipitation. In the 2016 season, which had a low number of fruits per kilogram and provided a higher amount of balanced VOO with medium to intense bitterness and pungency (rain-fed treatment), the oil yield increased by irrigation (Irr 75 and Irr 100) up to 18%, while unchanged phenolics, bitterness, and pungency were observed for the VOOs obtained. In the drier GS (2017), which under rain-fed conditions had high fruit per kg, smallest fruit sizes, and lowest oil yield, and in which the VOOs had high phenolic content and intense sensory taste attributes, fruit weight, fruit sizes, and oil yield increased by 35% in all irrigation treatments, while phenols, bitterness, and pungency decreased, balancing the sensory profile of the VOOs. The results obtained here led us to conclude that the irrigation of young olives resulted in a positive effect, with the indication that an abundant water supply is more effective in drought conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Principal components separated growing seasons that differed in precipitation.
- Taxon
- olive
Olea europaeae1 - Outcome
- growing seasons (GS)e0
- Qualifier
- differed in precipitatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Principal component analysis separated growing seasons (GS) that differed in precipitation”
e1“olive fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2016, irrigation at 75% or 100% requirement increased oil yield up to 18%.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- irrigation (Irr 75 and Irr 100)e0
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- up to 18%e0
- Comparator
- rain-fed treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the 2016 season, which had a low number of fruits per kilogram and provided a higher amount of balanced VOO with medium to intense bitterness and pungency (rain-fed treatment), the oil yield increased by irrigation (Irr 75 and Irr 100) up to 18%”
e1“olive fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2016, irrigation left oil phenolics, bitterness and pungency unchanged.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- irrigation (Irr 75 and Irr 100)e1
- Outcome
- phenolics, bitterness, and pungencye0
- Direction
- unchangede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while unchanged phenolics, bitterness, and pungency were observed for the VOOs obtained”
e1“irrigation (Irr 75 and Irr 100)”
e2“olive fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
In dry 2017, irrigation increased olive fruit weight by 35%.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- all irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35%e0
- Comparator
- rain-fed conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit weight, fruit sizes, and oil yield increased by 35% in all irrigation treatments”
e1“under rain-fed conditions”
e2“olive fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
In dry 2017, irrigation increased olive fruit size by 35%.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- all irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fruit sizese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit weight, fruit sizes, and oil yield increased by 35% in all irrigation treatments”
e1“olive fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
In dry 2017, irrigation increased oil yield by 35%.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae1
- Treatment
- all irrigation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit weight, fruit sizes, and oil yield increased by 35% in all irrigation treatments”
e1“olive fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
In dry 2017, irrigation reduced oil phenols, bitterness and pungency.
- Taxon
- oliveOlea europaeae2
- Treatment
- all irrigation treatmentse1
- Outcome
- phenols, bitterness, and pungencye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while phenols, bitterness, and pungency decreased, balancing the sensory profile of the VOOs”
e1“all irrigation treatments”
e2“olive fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude abundant water supply is more effective in drought conditions.
OleaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an abundant water supply is more effective in drought conditions”
e1“young olives”
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See all 31 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.