Abstract
A study was conducted on clayey soils (vertisols) of southern Telangana zone (India) characterized by low soil organic carbon, low available nitrogen and medium available phosphorous (P) and high available potassium (K). The experiment involving seven nitrogen (N) management practices (T1 to T7) involving recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) as soil application, varied rates of foliar application of nano urea (liquid) was laid out in randomized block design replicated thrice. All the treatments were supplied with basal 50% of soil applied urea fertilizer at the time of sowing except in T1 (No nitrogen application) treatment. Results revealed that application of recommended dose of fertilizers in three splits as soil application resulted into significantly highest growth, yield ( 1774 kg) and yield attributes of sunflower, and was found profitable (Benefit:Cost ratio = 3.47) over foliar application of varied rates of nano- urea spray. Foliar application of nano urea @ 2-4 ml L-1 in T3 to T7 treatments could significantly improve growth and yield of sunflower (by 546 to 744 kg) when compared to no nitrogen application treatment. However foliar application of nano urea showed significantly lesser growth and yield compared to soil application of RDF in three splits in rabi sunflower.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of the recommended fertilizer dose in three splits gave the highest sunflower growth, yield and yield attributes relative to foliar nano urea.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- application of recommended dose of fertilizers in three splits as soil applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth, yield ( 1774 kg) and yield attributese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1774 kge0
- Comparator
- foliar application of varied rates of nano- urea spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of recommended dose of fertilizers in three splits as soil application resulted into significantly highest growth, yield ( 1774 kg) and yield attributes of sunflower, and was found profitable (Benefit:Cost ratio = 3.47) over foliar application of varied rates of nano- urea spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of the recommended fertilizer dose had a benefit:cost ratio of 3.47 and was profitable relative to foliar nano urea.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- application of recommended dose of fertilizers in three splits as soil applicatione0
- Outcome
- Benefit:Cost ratioe0
- Direction
- profitablee0
- Value
- 3.47e0
- Comparator
- foliar application of varied rates of nano- urea spraye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of recommended dose of fertilizers in three splits as soil application resulted into significantly highest growth, yield ( 1774 kg) and yield attributes of sunflower, and was found profitable (Benefit:Cost ratio = 3.47) over foliar application of varied rates of nano- urea spray”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nano urea at 2–4 ml L-1 significantly improved sunflower growth and yield over no nitrogen.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of nano urea @ 2-4 ml L-1e0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Value
- 546 to 744 kge0
- Comparator
- no nitrogen application treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of nano urea @ 2-4 ml L-1 in T3 to T7 treatments could significantly improve growth and yield of sunflower (by 546 to 744 kg) when compared to no nitrogen application treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nano urea produced significantly less sunflower growth and yield than soil RDF in three splits.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- foliar application of nano ureae0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- lessere0
- Comparator
- soil application of RDF in three splitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nano urea showed significantly lesser growth and yield compared to soil application of RDF in three splits in rabi sunflower”
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