Abstract
Abstract Vegetative buds from ‘Nonpareil’ almond trees affected by noninfectious bud-failure with (BF) and without (non-BF) symptoms were compared to plants without noninfectious bud-failure (normal). Samples were collected every 2 weeks from June until the following March to establish seasonal trends in weight and abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA). Increases in bud fresh and dry weight occurred during July and August, followed by progressive dehydration up to the end of September. These changes were accompanied first by an increase in ABA and GA-like activity, and then a decrease in both hormones. During the remainder of the year (October to January) bud weight increased gradually and ABA and GA were low. Buds from BF and non-BF plants increased in weight in July and August, but much less than the normal. ABA levels were much less than from the normal, but the GA activity was comparable to normal. BF symptom development is characterized by lower production of ABA during the critical July-Aug. period. A disruption of the normal rest induction and recovery pattern was also hypothesized.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Almond bud fresh and dry weight increased in July and August.
- Taxon
- Almond Trees
Prunus dulcist0 - Organ / stage
- bude0
- Outcome
- bud fresh and dry weighte0
- Direction
- Increasese0
- Qualifier
- during July and Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increases in bud fresh and dry weight occurred during July and August”
t0“‘Nonpareil’ Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Almond buds progressively dehydrated until late September.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- dehydratione0
- Direction
- progressive dehydratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by progressive dehydration up to the end of September”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA and GA-like activity initially rose and subsequently fell during the seasonal bud changes.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- ABA and GA-like activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These changes were accompanied first by an increase in ABA and GA-like activity, and then a decrease in both hormones.”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Bud weight gradually increased from October to January.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- bud weighte0
- Direction
- increased graduallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the remainder of the year (October to January) bud weight increased gradually”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA and GA were low from October to January.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- ABA and GAe0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the remainder of the year (October to January) bud weight increased gradually and ABA and GA were low.”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
BF and non-BF buds gained less weight than normal buds in July and August.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Material
- BF and non-BF plantse0
- Outcome
- weighte0
- Direction
- much lesse0
- Comparator
- the normale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Buds from BF and non-BF plants increased in weight in July and August, but much less than the normal.”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA levels in bud-failure plants were much lower than normal.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- ABA levelse0
- Direction
- much lesse0
- Comparator
- the normale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA levels were much less than from the normal”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
GA activity in bud-failure plants was comparable to normal.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- GA activitye0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- normale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the GA activity was comparable to normal”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors characterize BF symptom development by lower ABA production during July–August.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- BF symptom developmente0
- Qualifier
- lower production of ABAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BF symptom development is characterized by lower production of ABA during the critical July-Aug. period.”
t0“Almond Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesize disruption of normal bud rest induction and recovery.
- Taxon
- Almond TreesPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- rest induction and recovery patterne0
- Qualifier
- A disruptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A disruption of the normal rest induction and recovery pattern was also hypothesized.”
t0“Almond Trees”