Abstract
In the environment arsenic (As) can be found mainly as arsenite (AsIII) and arsenate (AsV), which are highly toxic and threaten food security. Currently, there is great attention on the effects of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) on plant development, and their ability to restrict As uptake. The results show that the two forms of As negatively impacted aerial dry biomass and fruit yield. Silicon content is lower in roots than in leaves. It is observed that AsIII is the form that accumulates the most in the root; in addition, the SiO2 NPs reduce the translocation of AsV. The data show that AsIII induced a negative effect on the uptake of Ca, P, Mg, and Cu, while SiO2 NPs enhances the accumulation of Fe and Zn when exposed to AsIII. The two forms of As do not impact chlorophyll content but increases when interacting with SiO2 NPs. Antioxidant enzymes APX, CAT, and SOD are higher in roots than in leaves. Phenols, flavonoids, and glutathione increased when SiO2 NPs interacted with AsIII in roots. H2O2 increases in roots and leaves by exposure to AsV and AsIII, and its interactions with SiO2 NPs, while in the fruit, H2O2 production decreases. As for the total antioxidant capacity ABTS is observed to increase by AsIII + SiO2 NPs only in roots. The bioactive compounds of the tomato fruits are modified by the treatments and the addition of SiO2 NPs alone increase in lycopene content. Therefore, our results reveal the negative impacts of AsIII, and that SiO2 NPs can at least partially mitigate As toxicity and reduce AsV translocation in tomatoes.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Both arsenic forms reduced aerial dry biomass and fruit yield.
- Taxon
- Tomato Plants
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- two forms of Ase0
- Outcome
- aerial dry biomass and fruit yielde0
- Direction
- negatively impactede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two forms of As negatively impacted aerial dry biomass and fruit yield.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon content was lower in roots than leaves.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- Silicon contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silicon content is lower in roots than in leaves.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenite accumulated most in roots.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- AsIIIe0
- Direction
- moste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AsIII is the form that accumulates the most in the root”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon nanoparticles reduced arsenate translocation.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SiO2 NPse0
- Outcome
- translocation of AsVe0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the SiO2 NPs reduce the translocation of AsV.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenite reduced uptake of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- AsIIIe0
- Outcome
- uptake of Ca, P, Mg, and Cue0
- Direction
- negative effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AsIII induced a negative effect on the uptake of Ca, P, Mg, and Cu”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon nanoparticles enhanced iron and zinc accumulation under arsenite.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SiO2 NPse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Fe and Zne0
- Direction
- enhancese0
- Qualifier
- when exposed to AsIIIe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SiO2 NPs enhances the accumulation of Fe and Zn when exposed to AsIII.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Both arsenic forms left chlorophyll content unchanged.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- two forms of Ase0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- do not impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The two forms of As do not impact chlorophyll content”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content increased when arsenic interacted with silicon nanoparticles.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SiO2 NPse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll content but increases when interacting with SiO2 NPs.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
APX, CAT and SOD were higher in roots than leaves.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant enzymes APX, CAT, and SODe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant enzymes APX, CAT, and SOD are higher in roots than in leaves.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon nanoparticles with arsenite increased root phenols, flavonoids and glutathione.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- SiO2 NPs interacted with AsIIIe0
- Outcome
- Phenols, flavonoids, and glutathionee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenols, flavonoids, and glutathione increased when SiO2 NPs interacted with AsIII in roots.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenic and silicon nanoparticle combinations increased hydrogen peroxide in roots and leaves.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese0
- Treatment
- exposure to AsV and AsIII, and its interactions with SiO2 NPse0
- Outcome
- H2O2e0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H2O2 increases in roots and leaves by exposure to AsV and AsIII, and its interactions with SiO2 NPs”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit hydrogen peroxide production decreased under those treatments.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Outcome
- H2O2 productione0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while in the fruit, H2O2 production decreases.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenite plus nanoparticles increased root ABTS antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- AsIII + SiO2 NPse0
- Outcome
- total antioxidant capacity ABTSe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total antioxidant capacity ABTS is observed to increase by AsIII + SiO2 NPs only in roots.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments modified bioactive compounds in tomato fruit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- bioactive compoundse0
- Direction
- modifiede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bioactive compounds of the tomato fruits are modified by the treatments”
t0“Tomato Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon nanoparticles alone increased fruit lycopene.
- Taxon
- Tomato PlantsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SiO2 NPs alonee0
- Outcome
- lycopene contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of SiO2 NPs alone increase in lycopene content.”
t0“Tomato Plants”
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See all 32 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.